Kuyankhulana kwa Quantum: mamolekyu, dziko lapansi losowa ndi kuwala

Ukadaulo wazidziwitso wa Quantum ndiukadaulo wazidziwitso watsopano wozikidwa pa quantum mechanics, yomwe imasunga, kuwerengera ndi kutumiza zidziwitso zomwe zili muquantum system.Kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wazidziwitso za kuchuluka kudzatifikitsa mu "quantum Age", ndikuzindikira magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, njira zolumikizirana zotetezeka komanso moyo wosavuta komanso wobiriwira.

Kuchita bwino kwa kulumikizana pakati pa machitidwe a quantum kumadalira kuthekera kwawo kolumikizana ndi kuwala.Komabe, ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza zinthu zomwe zingagwiritse ntchito mwayi wonse wa quantum ya optical.

Posachedwapa, gulu lofufuza ku Institute of Chemistry ku Paris ndi Karlsruhe Institute of Technology pamodzi adawonetsa kuthekera kwa krustalo ya molekyulu yozikidwa pa ma ion a europium ions (Eu³ +) osowa padziko lapansi kuti agwiritse ntchito mu quantum system of Optical.Iwo adapeza kuti kutulutsa kwamtundu wocheperako kwambiri wa Eu³ + molekyulu yamamolekyulu kumathandizira kulumikizana bwino ndi kuwala ndipo kuli ndi phindu lalikuluquantum communicationndi quantum computing.

Chithunzi 1: Kuyankhulana kwa Quantum kutengera makristasi osowa padziko lapansi a europium

Maiko a Quantum amatha kukhala apamwamba, kotero kuti chidziwitso cha quantum chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa.Qubit imodzi imatha kuyimira maiko osiyanasiyana pakati pa 0 ndi 1, kulola kuti deta isanthulidwe mofanana m'magulu.Zotsatira zake, mphamvu yamakompyuta yamakompyuta a quantum ichulukirachulukira poyerekeza ndi makompyuta apakompyuta achikhalidwe.Komabe, kuti agwire ntchito zowerengera, ma superposition a qubits ayenera kupitilirabe kwanthawi yayitali.Mu quantum mechanics, nthawi yokhazikika iyi imadziwika kuti nthawi yolumikizana.Mapiritsi a nyukiliya a mamolekyu ovuta amatha kukwaniritsa malo apamwamba ndi moyo wautali wautali chifukwa chikoka cha chilengedwe pa ma spins a nyukiliya chimatetezedwa bwino.

Ma ions osowa padziko lapansi ndi ma kristalo a mamolekyulu ndi machitidwe awiri omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito muukadaulo wa quantum.Ma ion padziko lapansi osowa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri owoneka bwino komanso ozungulira, koma ndi ovuta kuwaphatikizazida zowonera.Ma kristalo a mamolekyulu ndi osavuta kuphatikiza, koma ndizovuta kukhazikitsa kulumikizana kodalirika pakati pa ma spin ndi kuwala chifukwa magulu otulutsa ndi otakata kwambiri.

Makristalo osowa padziko lapansi omwe apangidwa mu ntchitoyi amaphatikiza zabwino zonse chifukwa, pansi pa kusangalatsa kwa laser, Eu³ + imatha kutulutsa zithunzi zonyamula zidziwitso zakuzungulira kwa nyukiliya.Kupyolera mu kuyesa kwapadera kwa laser, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a nyukiliya / nyukiliya amatha kupangidwa.Pazifukwa izi, ofufuzawo adazindikiranso kuwongolera kwa nyukiliya, kusungidwa kogwirizana kwa ma photon, komanso kuchitidwa kwa ntchito yoyamba ya quantum.

Kuti ma computing a quantum agwire bwino ntchito, ma qubits angapo omangika nthawi zambiri amafunikira.Ofufuzawo adawonetsa kuti Eu³ + mu makhiristo omwe ali pamwambapa amatha kukwaniritsa kulumikizidwa kwachulukidwe kudzera pamagawo amagetsi osokonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chidziwitso chachulukidwe.Chifukwa makhiristo a mamolekyuwa amakhala ndi ma ion angapo osowa padziko lapansi, kuchuluka kwa ma qubit kumatha kuchitika.

Chofunikira china pa quantum computing ndikuyankhidwa kwa ma qubits payekha.Njira yoyankhulirana ndi kuwala mu ntchitoyi imatha kupititsa patsogolo kuthamanga kwa kuwerenga ndikuletsa kusokoneza kwa chizindikiro cha dera.Poyerekeza ndi maphunziro am'mbuyomu, kulumikizana kwa kuwala kwa Eu³ + makhiristo a mamolekyulu omwe akufotokozedwa mu ntchitoyi kumakonzedwanso pafupifupi kasanu, kotero kuti maiko a nyukiliya amatha kusinthidwa mwanjira inayake.

Zizindikiro za kuwala ndizoyeneranso kugawa zidziwitso zakutali kuti zigwirizane ndi makompyuta a quantum pakulankhulana kwakutali.Kuganiziranso kutha kuperekedwa pakuphatikiza kwa makristasi atsopano a Eu³ + mu mawonekedwe azithunzi kuti akweze chizindikiro chowala.Ntchitoyi imagwiritsa ntchito mamolekyu osowa padziko lapansi ngati maziko a intaneti ya quantum, ndipo imatenga gawo lofunikira pakumangirira kolumikizana kwamtsogolo.