Kukula ndi momwe msika wa laser yosinthika Gawo lachiwiri

Kukula ndi momwe msika wa laser yosinthika ulili (Gawo lachiwiri)

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito yalaser yosinthika

Pali mfundo zitatu zofunika kuzitsatira pokonza mafunde a laser.ma laser osinthikaGwiritsani ntchito zinthu zogwirira ntchito zokhala ndi mizere yowala ya fluorescent. Ma resonator omwe amapanga laser amakhala ndi kutayika kochepa kwambiri pamlingo wopapatiza kwambiri wa wavelength. Chifukwa chake, choyamba ndikusintha kutalika kwa wavelength ya laser posintha kutalika kwa wavelength komwe kumagwirizana ndi dera lotsika la resonator ndi zinthu zina (monga grating). Chachiwiri ndikusintha mulingo wa mphamvu ya kusintha kwa laser posintha magawo ena akunja (monga mphamvu ya maginito, kutentha, ndi zina). Chachitatu ndikugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zopanda mzere kuti mukwaniritse kusintha kwa wavelength ndi kusintha (onani ma optics osakhala a mzere, kufalikira kwa Raman kolimbikitsidwa, kuwirikiza kawiri kwa ma frequency optical, kugwedezeka kwa parametric optical). Ma laser wamba omwe ali mu njira yoyamba yosinthira ndi ma laser a utoto, ma laser a chrysoberyl, ma laser apakati pa utoto, ma laser a gasi opanikizika kwambiri komanso ma laser a excimer osinthika.

Laser yosinthika kuchokera ku lingaliro la ukadaulo wozindikira imagawidwa makamaka m'magulu awa: ukadaulo wowongolera wamakono, ukadaulo wowongolera kutentha ndi ukadaulo wowongolera makina.
Pakati pawo, ukadaulo wowongolera zamagetsi ndi kukwaniritsa kusintha kwa mafunde posintha mphamvu ya injection current, ndi liwiro la NS-level tuning, bandwidth yolumikizirana bwino, koma mphamvu yochepa yotulutsa, kutengera ukadaulo wowongolera zamagetsi makamaka SG-DBR (sampling grating DBR) ndi GCSR laser (wothandizira grating directional coupling backward-sampling reflection). Ukadaulo wowongolera kutentha umasintha mafunde otulutsa a laser posintha refractive index ya dera logwira ntchito la laser. Ukadaulowu ndi wosavuta, koma wodekha, ndipo ukhoza kusinthidwa ndi m'lifupi mwa band yochepa ya nm yochepa. Zofunikira kwambiri kutengera ukadaulo wowongolera kutentha ndiLaza ya DFB(feedback yogawidwa) ndi laser ya DBR (Distributed Bragg reflection). Kulamulira kwa makina kumadalira kwambiri ukadaulo wa MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) kuti amalize kusankha kutalika kwa mafunde, ndi bandwidth yayikulu yosinthika, mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa. Kapangidwe kake kamene kamadalira ukadaulo wowongolera makina ndi DFB (feedback yogawidwa), ECL (external cavity laser) ndi VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser). Zotsatirazi zikufotokozedwa kuchokera ku mfundo ya ma laser osinthika.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwa kuwala

Laser yosinthika ndi chipangizo chofunikira kwambiri cha optoelectronic mu mbadwo watsopano wa dense wavelength division multiplexing system ndi photon exchange mu all-optical network. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumawonjezera kwambiri mphamvu, kusinthasintha, ndi kukula kwa optical fiber transmission system, ndipo yapanga continuous or quasi-continuous tuning mu wide wavelength range.
Makampani ndi mabungwe ofufuza padziko lonse lapansi akulimbikitsa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ma laser osinthika, ndipo kupita patsogolo kwatsopano kukupitilirabe m'munda uwu. Kugwira ntchito kwa ma laser osinthika kumawonjezeka nthawi zonse ndipo mtengo wake umachepetsedwa nthawi zonse. Pakadali pano, ma laser osinthika amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: ma laser osinthika a semiconductor ndi ma laser a fiber osinthika.
Laser ya semiconductorndi gwero lofunika kwambiri la kuwala mu dongosolo lolumikizirana ndi kuwala, lomwe lili ndi mawonekedwe a kukula kochepa, kulemera kopepuka, mphamvu yosinthira kwambiri, kusunga mphamvu, ndi zina zotero, ndipo ndi losavuta kukwaniritsa kuphatikiza kwa single chip optoelectronic ndi zida zina. Likhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: laser yogawanitsidwa, laser yogawanitsidwa ya Bragg mirror, micromotor system vertical cavity surface emitting laser ndi external cavity semiconductor laser.
Kupanga kwa laser yosinthika ngati chosinthira mphamvu ndi kupanga kwa semiconductor laser diode ngati gwero la pampu kwathandizira kwambiri kupanga ma fiber laser. Laser yosinthika imachokera pa bandwidth ya 80nm gain ya ulusi wopangidwa, ndipo chinthu chosefera chimawonjezedwa ku loop kuti chiwongolere kutalika kwa mafunde ndikukwaniritsa kusintha kwa mafunde.
Kupanga kwa laser ya semiconductor yosinthika kukugwira ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kupita patsogolo kulinso mwachangu kwambiri. Pamene ma laser osinthika pang'onopang'ono akuyandikira ma laser a wavelength okhazikika pankhani ya mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito, mosakayikira adzagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'machitidwe olumikizirana ndipo adzakhala ndi gawo lofunikira m'maukonde amtsogolo a all-optical.

Chiyembekezo cha chitukuko
Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma laser osinthika, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa powonjezera njira zosinthira ma wavelength pogwiritsa ntchito ma laser osiyanasiyana a single-wavelength, ndipo zinthu zina zaperekedwa kumsika padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza pa chitukuko cha ma laser osinthika opitilira, ma laser osinthika okhala ndi ntchito zina zophatikizidwa anenedwanso, monga laser yosinthika yophatikizidwa ndi chip chimodzi cha VCSEL ndi modulator yoyamwa yamagetsi, ndi laser yophatikizidwa ndi Bragg reflector yowonetsa chitsanzo ndi semiconductor optical amplifier ndi modulator yoyamwa yamagetsi.
Popeza laser yosinthika ya kutalika kwa nthawi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, laser yosinthika ya kapangidwe ka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamakina osiyanasiyana, ndipo iliyonse ili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta. Laser ya semiconductor yakunja ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gwero la kuwala kosinthika kwa wideband mu zida zoyesera molondola chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yayikulu yotulutsa komanso kutalika kwa nthawi yosinthika. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a kuphatikiza kwa photon ndikukwaniritsa netiweki yonse yamtsogolo, sample grating DBR, superstructured grating DBR ndi lasers zosinthika zophatikizidwa ndi ma modulators ndi amplifier zitha kukhala magwero owunikira osinthika a Z.
Laser yosinthika yokhala ndi ulusi yokhala ndi chivindikiro chakunja ndi mtundu wabwino wa gwero la kuwala, lomwe lili ndi kapangidwe kosavuta, m'lifupi mwa mzere wopapatiza komanso kulumikizana kosavuta kwa ulusi. Ngati EA modulator ingaphatikizidwe m'chivundikirocho, ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati gwero la soliton yosinthika yothamanga kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ma laser osinthika opangidwa ndi ulusi opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma laser apita patsogolo kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Zikuyembekezeka kuti magwiridwe antchito a ma laser osinthika m'magwero a kuwala olumikizirana ndi kuwala adzawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo gawo la msika lidzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri.