Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za optical modulator ndi liwiro lake la modulation kapena bandwidth, lomwe liyenera kukhala lachangu ngati lamagetsi omwe alipo. Ma transistors okhala ndi ma transit frequency opitilira 100 GHz awonetsedwa kale mu ukadaulo wa silicon wa 90 nm, ndipo liwiro lidzawonjezeka kwambiri pamene kukula kochepa kwa mawonekedwe kukuchepa [1]. Komabe, bandwidth ya ma modulators amakono okhala ndi silicon ndi ochepa. Silicon ilibe χ(2)-nonlinearity chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka crystalline kofanana ndi centro-symmetric. Kugwiritsa ntchito silicon yolumikizidwa kwabweretsa zotsatira zosangalatsa kale [2], koma nonlinearities sikulolabe zida zothandiza. Chifukwa chake, ma silicon photonic modulators apamwamba kwambiri amadalirabe kufalikira kwa free-carrier mu pn kapena pin junctions [3-5]. Forward biased junctions awonetsedwa kuti akuwonetsa chinthu chokhala ndi voltage-length product yotsika ngati VπL = 0.36 V mm, koma liwiro la modulation limachepetsedwa ndi mphamvu za ma minority carriers. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa deta ya 10 Gbit/s kwapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kugogomezera chizindikiro chamagetsi [4]. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma junctions ozungulira, bandwidth yawonjezeka kufika pa 30 GHz [5,6], koma mphamvu ya voltage yakwera kufika pa VπL = 40 V mm. Mwatsoka, ma modulators otere a plasma effect phase amapanganso modulation yamphamvu yosafunikira [7], ndipo amayankha mosagwirizana ndi voltage yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, mawonekedwe apamwamba a modulation monga QAM amafunikira, kuyankha kolunjika komanso kusinthasintha kwa gawo loyera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya electro-optic (Pockels effect [8]) kukhale kofunikira kwambiri.
2. Njira ya SOH
Posachedwapa, njira ya silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) yaperekedwa [9–12]. Chitsanzo cha SOH modulator chikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1(a). Chili ndi slot waveguide yotsogolera munda wa optical, ndi mizere iwiri ya silicon yomwe imalumikiza magetsi a optical waveguide ku ma electrode achitsulo. Ma electrode ali kunja kwa munda wa optical modal kuti apewe kutayika kwa kuwala [13], Chithunzi 1(b). Chipangizocho chimakutidwa ndi electro-optic organic material yomwe imadzaza bwino malowo. Voltage yowongolera imanyamulidwa ndi metallic electrical waveguide ndikutsika kudutsa malowo chifukwa cha conductive silicon strips. Kenako magetsi omwe amatuluka amasintha index of refraction mu malowo kudzera mu ultra-fast electro-optic effect. Popeza malowo ali ndi m'lifupi mwa 100 nm, ma volts ochepa ndi okwanira kupanga malo amphamvu kwambiri owongolera omwe ali mu dongosolo la kukula kwa mphamvu ya dielectric ya zinthu zambiri. Kapangidwe kake kali ndi mphamvu yayikulu yowongolera chifukwa ma modulating ndi ma optical fields onse ali mkati mwa malowo, Chithunzi 1(b) [14]. Zoonadi, kugwiritsa ntchito koyamba kwa ma modulators a SOH okhala ndi ntchito ya sub-volt [11] kwawonetsedwa kale, ndipo sinusoidal modulation mpaka 40 GHz yawonetsedwa [15,16]. Komabe, vuto popanga ma modulators a SOH othamanga kwambiri ndi kupanga mzere wolumikizira woyendetsa bwino kwambiri. Mu dera lofanana, malowo akhoza kuyimiridwa ndi capacitor C ndi ma conductive strips ndi resistors R, Chithunzi 1(b). Nthawi yofanana ya RC imatsimikizira bandwidth ya chipangizocho [10,14,17,18]. Pofuna kuchepetsa kukana kwa R, kwanenedwa kuti kupopera ma silicon strips [10,14]. Ngakhale kuti doping imawonjezera conductivity ya ma silicon strips (ndipo motero imawonjezera kutayika kwa optical), munthu amalipira chilango chowonjezera cha kutayika chifukwa kuyenda kwa ma electron kumasokonekera chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa zinthu zodetsedwa [10,14,19]. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesera kwaposachedwa kwambiri kopanga kunawonetsa conductivity yotsika mosayembekezereka.
Kampani ya Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. yomwe ili ku "Silicon Valley" ku China - Beijing Zhongguancun, ndi kampani yapamwamba kwambiri yodzipereka kutumikira mabungwe ofufuza am'deralo ndi akunja, mabungwe ofufuza, mayunivesite ndi ogwira ntchito zofufuza zasayansi zamabizinesi. Kampani yathu imagwira ntchito yofufuza ndi kupanga zinthu za optoelectronic payokha, kupanga, kupanga, kugulitsa zinthu za optoelectronic, ndipo imapereka mayankho atsopano komanso ntchito zaukadaulo kwa ofufuza asayansi ndi mainjiniya amafakitale. Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zopanga zinthu zatsopano payokha, yapanga mndandanda wolemera komanso wangwiro wa zinthu zamagetsi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'maboma, m'magulu ankhondo, m'mayendedwe, m'magetsi, m'zachuma, m'maphunziro, m'zachipatala ndi m'mafakitale ena.
Tikuyembekezera mgwirizano ndi inu!
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-29-2023