Kodi Photodetector ndi chiyani

Kodi aNdi Photodetector

Ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha zamakono zamakono, photodetectors, monga chipangizo chofunika kwambiri cha sensa, pang'onopang'ono abwera m'maganizo a anthu. Makamaka Si photodetector (silicon photodetector), ndi machitidwe awo apamwamba komanso chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito, alandira chidwi chachikulu. Nkhaniyi ipereka kufotokozera mozama koma kosavuta kumva za mfundo zoyambira, mawonekedwe ake, magawo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndi momwe zidzakhalire m'tsogolo za silicon photodetectors kwa aliyense.

Mfundo yaikulu ya Si photodetectors imachokera ku photoelectric effect. Ma photons akagunda zida za semiconductor, ma electron-hole pairs amapangidwa, omwe amapanga mphamvu yamagetsi. Zida za silicon zili ndi mphamvu zoyamwitsa bwino kwambiri, makamaka m'magulu owoneka ndi pafupi ndi infrared, motero ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ngati maziko a ma photodetectors. Mfundo yogwira ntchito ya Si photodetectors ikhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule m'masitepe angapo: zochitika za photon, mayamwidwe a photon, kupanga zonyamulira ndi zotulutsa zamakono.

Pankhani ya kapangidwe ka silicon photodetectors, nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'magulu angapo: gawo lolandila kuwala, gawo lopeza ndi electrode. Wosanjikiza wolandila kuwala amakhala ndi udindo woyamwa kuwala kwa zochitika ndi kupanga zonyamulira, pomwe gawo lopeza limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa zonyamulira, potero kumakulitsa chidwi cha chowunikira. Elekitirodi wosanjikiza ndi udindo kusonkhanitsa zonyamulira ndi kupanga zizindikiro panopa. Mapangidwe opangidwa bwino amatha kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a chowunikira, monga kuwongolera kusinthika kwazithunzi komanso kuchepetsa phokoso.

Magawo ogwiritsira ntchito silicon photodetector ndi ochulukirapo, okhudza zinthu zingapo monga kulumikizana, kujambula, komanso kuwunika zachilengedwe. Polankhulana ndi kuwala, zowunikira zochokera ku silicon zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polandila ma siginecha owoneka bwino ndikuzisintha kukhala zizindikilo zamagetsi kuti zitsimikizire kufalikira kwachidziwitso mwachangu. Pankhani ya kujambula, Si photodetector nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makamera a digito ndi makamera apa intaneti kuti athandize kujambula zithunzi zomveka bwino. Si photodetector ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito poyang'anira chilengedwe, kudziwa momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera poyang'anira kusintha kwa kuwala, monga kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa zowononga.

M'tsogolomu, machitidwe a chitukuko cha silicon photodetector adzawonekera makamaka muzinthu zotsatirazi. Zatsopano zazinthu zikuyembekezeka kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a zowunikira, monga kugwiritsa ntchito ma aloyi atsopano kapena zida zophatikizika kuti ziwonjezere kuyamwa kwa kuwala ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwachulukidwe. Kukhathamiritsa kwa mapangidwe apangidwe ndi njira yofunikira. Kudzera muukadaulo wa microfabrication, miniaturization ndi kuphatikiza zitha kutheka kuti zithandizire kukhudzika ndi kuyankha liwiro laPhotodetector. Mwa kuphatikiza ukadaulo wapamwamba wopangira ma siginecha, chiŵerengero cha chizindikiro-ku-phokoso cha detector chikhoza kuwonjezereka, kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kwake m'madera ovuta. Si photodetector, ngati chida chofunikira chowonera, ikusintha miyoyo yathu pang'onopang'ono ndi magwiridwe antchito awo abwino komanso chiyembekezo chambiri chogwiritsa ntchito. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwaukadaulo, ma silicon-based photodetectors atenga gawo lalikulu m'magawo ambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa mwayi wambiri ku tsogolo lathu.