Kodi laser yopapatiza yokhala ndi mzere wopapatiza ndi chiyani?

Kodi ndi chiyanilaser yopapatiza yokhala ndi mzere wopapatiza?

Laser yopapatiza yokhala ndi mzere wopapatiza, Mawu oti "m'lifupi mwa mzere" amatanthauza m'lifupi mwa mzere wa spectral walasermu gawo la ma frequency, lomwe nthawi zambiri limayesedwa malinga ndi theka la peak full width ya spectrum (FWHM). Linewidth imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwala kwadzidzidzi kwa ma atomu kapena ma ayoni osangalatsidwa, phokoso la gawo, kugwedezeka kwa makina a resonator, kutentha kwa kutentha ndi zinthu zina zakunja. Mtengo wa linewidth ukakhala wocheperako, kuyera kwa spectrum kumakhala kwakukulu, ndiko kuti, monochromaticity ya laser imakhala yabwino kwambiri. Ma laser okhala ndi makhalidwe otere nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi phokoso lochepa kwambiri la phase kapena frequency komanso phokoso lochepa kwambiri la mphamvu. Nthawi yomweyo, lifupi la linear m'lifupi la laser likakhala locheperako, mgwirizano wofanana umakhala wolimba kwambiri, womwe umawonetsedwa ngati kutalika kwa coherence yayitali kwambiri.

Kuzindikira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito laser yopapatiza ya mzere

Popeza kuti laser ili ndi mzere wochepa wopezera mphamvu, n'zosatheka kuzindikira mwachindunji mphamvu ya laser yocheperako podalira oscillator yachikhalidwe. Kuti laser yocheperako igwire ntchito, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera, grating ndi zida zina kuti muchepetse kapena kusankha longitudinal modulus mu gain spectrum, kuwonjezera kusiyana kwa net gain pakati pa longitudinal modes, kotero kuti pakhale oscillation yochepa kapena imodzi yokha ya longitudinal mode mu laser resonator. Munjira iyi, nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kuwongolera mphamvu ya phokoso pa laser output, ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwa mizere ya spectral chifukwa cha kugwedezeka ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa chilengedwe chakunja; Nthawi yomweyo, ikhozanso kuphatikizidwa ndi kusanthula kwa phase kapena frequency noise spectral density kuti mumvetsetse komwe phokoso limachokera ndikukonza kapangidwe ka laser, kuti mupeze mphamvu yokhazikika ya laser yocheperako yopezera mphamvu.

Tiyeni tiwone momwe ma lasers osiyanasiyana amagwirira ntchito m'lifupi mwa mzere wopapatiza.

(1)Laser ya semiconductor

Ma laser a semiconductor ali ndi ubwino wa kukula kochepa, kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, kukhala nthawi yayitali komanso phindu lazachuma.

Fabry-Perot (FP) optical resonator yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale achikhalidwema laser a semiconductornthawi zambiri imasinthasintha mu multi-longitudinal mode, ndipo m'lifupi mwa mzere wotuluka ndi wokulirapo, kotero ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mayankho a kuwala kuti mupeze zotsatira za m'lifupi mwa mzere wopapatiza.

Kugawa kwa ma feedback (DFB Laser) ndi kugawa kwa ma Bragg reflection (DBR) ndi ma laser awiri a internal optical feedback semiconductor laser. Chifukwa cha grating pitch yaying'ono komanso kusankha bwino kwa wavelength, n'zosavuta kupeza single-frequency narrow linewidth output yokhazikika. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mapangidwe awiriwa ndi malo a grating: kapangidwe ka DFB Laser nthawi zambiri kamagawa kapangidwe ka periodic ka Bragg grating mu resonator yonse, ndipo resonator ya DBR nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi reflection grating structure ndi gain region yolumikizidwa kumapeto kwa pamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, ma DFB laser amagwiritsa ntchito embedded gratings okhala ndi refractive index contrast yotsika komanso reflectivity yotsika. Ma laser a DBR amagwiritsa ntchito surface gratings okhala ndi refractive index contrast yokwera komanso reflectivity yokwera. Mapangidwe onsewa ali ndi free spectral range yayikulu ndipo amatha kuchita wavelength tuning popanda mode jump mu range ya nanometers ochepa, pomwe DBR laser ili ndi tuning range yokulirapo kuposaLaza ya DFBKuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo wa mayankho akunja a kuwala, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakunja zowunikira kuti zibwezeretse kuwala kotuluka kwa chip ya laser ya semiconductor ndikusankha ma frequency, umathanso kugwira ntchito kwa mzere wopapatiza wa laser ya semiconductor.

(2) Ma laser a ulusi

Ma laser a fiber ali ndi mphamvu yosinthira ma pump, mphamvu yabwino ya beam komanso mphamvu yolumikizirana kwambiri, zomwe ndi mitu yodziwika bwino yofufuza m'munda wa laser. Ponena za nthawi ya chidziwitso, ma laser a fiber ali ndi mgwirizano wabwino ndi makina olumikizirana a fiber optical omwe alipo pamsika. Laser ya fiber yokhala ndi ma frequency amodzi yokhala ndi ubwino wa m'lifupi mwake, phokoso lochepa komanso mgwirizano wabwino yakhala imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri pakukula kwake.

Kugwira ntchito kwa single longitudinal mode ndiye maziko a fiber laser kuti akwaniritse kutulutsa kopapatiza kwa mzere, nthawi zambiri malinga ndi kapangidwe ka resonator, single frequency fiber laser ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: DFB, DBR, ndi ring. Pakati pawo, mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya DFB Laser ndi DBR single-frequency fiber lasers ndi yofanana ndi ya DFB ndi DBR semiconductor lasers.

(3)Laser yolimba

Mu 1960, laser yoyamba ya ruby ​​padziko lonse lapansi inali laser yolimba, yodziwika ndi mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu zambiri komanso kufalikira kwa mafunde ambiri. Kapangidwe kapadera ka laser yolimba kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yosinthasintha kwambiri popanga kutulutsa kwa mzere wopapatiza. Pakadali pano, njira zazikulu zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito zikuphatikizapo njira yachidule yoboola, njira ya mphete imodzi, njira yokhazikika ya intracavity, njira ya torsion pendulum, njira ya Bragg grating ndi njira yobayira mbewu.