Ma Directional couplers ndi magawo oyambira a microwave/millimeter wave muyeso wa microwave ndi makina ena a microwave. Iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito chizindikiro kudzipatula, kulekana, ndi kusakaniza, monga kuwunika mphamvu, gwero linanena bungwe mphamvu bata, chizindikiro gwero kudzipatula, kufala ndi kusinkhasinkha pafupipafupi kusesa Mayeso, etc. Ndi directional mayikirowevu mphamvu divider, ndipo ndi chigawo chofunika kwambiri mu ma swept-frequency reflectometers amakono. Nthawi zambiri, pali mitundu ingapo, monga waveguide, coaxial line, stripline, ndi microstrip.
Chithunzi 1 ndi chithunzi chojambula cha kapangidwe kake. Zimaphatikizapo zigawo ziwiri, mzere waukulu ndi mzere wothandizira, womwe umaphatikizidwa wina ndi mzake kupyolera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabowo ang'onoang'ono, mabala, ndi mipata. Chifukwa chake, gawo lina lamphamvu kuchokera ku "1" kumapeto kwa mainline lidzaphatikizidwa pamzere wachiwiri. Chifukwa cha kusokoneza kapena superposition wa mafunde, mphamvu zimangoperekedwa pamodzi wachiwiri mzere-mmodzi malangizo (otchedwa "patsogolo"), ndi zina Pali pafupifupi palibe kufala mphamvu mu dongosolo limodzi (lotchedwa "m'mbuyo").
Chithunzi 2 ndi njira yolumikizirana, imodzi mwamadoko mu coupler imalumikizidwa ndi katundu wofananira womangidwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Directional Coupler
1, yamphamvu kaphatikizidwe kachitidwe
3dB directional coupler (yomwe imadziwika kuti 3dB mlatho) nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamachitidwe onyamula ma frequency angapo, monga momwe zikuwonekera pachithunzichi pansipa. Dera lamtunduwu ndilofala m'machitidwe ogawidwa m'nyumba. Zizindikiro za f1 ndi f2 kuchokera ku zokulitsa mphamvu ziwiri zidutsa pa 3dB directional coupler, kutulutsa kwa njira iliyonse kumakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri za f1 ndi f2, ndipo 3dB imachepetsa matalikidwe a chigawo chilichonse chafupipafupi. Ngati imodzi mwa zotulutsa zotulutsa ilumikizidwa ndi katundu wotengera, zotulutsa zina zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero lamagetsi a passive intermodulation measurement system. Ngati mukufuna kupititsa patsogolo kudzipatula, mutha kuwonjezera zinthu zina monga zosefera ndi zodzipatula. Kudzipatula kwa mlatho wopangidwa bwino wa 3dB kumatha kupitilira 33dB.
The directional coupler imagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikizira mphamvu imodzi.
Dera lolunjika ngati njira ina yophatikizira mphamvu ikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi (a) pansipa. Muderali, kuwongolera kwa ma coupler owongolera kwagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru. Pongoganiza kuti ma coupling degrees a awiriwa ndi 10dB ndipo kuwongolera ndi 25dB, kudzipatula pakati pa f1 ndi f2 kumapeto ndi 45dB. Ngati zolowetsa za f1 ndi f2 zonse zili 0dBm, zotulutsa zonse ndi -10dBm. Poyerekeza ndi Wilkinson coupler pa chithunzi (b) pansipa (mtengo wake wodzipatula ndi 20dB), chizindikiro chofanana cha OdBm, pambuyo pa kaphatikizidwe, pali -3dBm (popanda kuganizira kutayika). Poyerekeza ndi chikhalidwe chapakati-zitsanzo, timawonjezera chizindikiro cholowera mu chithunzi (a) ndi 7dB kuti zotsatira zake zigwirizane ndi chiwerengero (b). Panthawiyi, kudzipatula pakati pa f1 ndi f2 mu chithunzi (a) "kuchepa" "Ndi 38 dB. Chotsatira chofananira chomaliza ndichakuti njira yophatikizira mphamvu ya ma coupler ndi 18dB kuposa ya Wilkinson coupler. Chiwembu ichi ndi oyenera muyeso intermodulation wa khumi amplifiers.
Chowongolera chowongolera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza mphamvu 2
2, yogwiritsidwa ntchito poyezera zoletsa kusokoneza kapena muyeso wabodza
M'mayeso a RF ndi kuyeza, dera lomwe likuwonetsedwa pachithunzi pansipa limatha kuwoneka nthawi zambiri. Tiyerekeze kuti DUT (chipangizo kapena zida zoyesedwa) ndi zolandila. Zikatero, chizindikiro chosokoneza chanjira chikhoza kubayidwa mwa wolandila kudzera kumapeto kwa coupling yolowera. Kenako choyesa chophatikizika cholumikizidwa kwa iwo kudzera mu cholumikizira chowongolera chimatha kuyesa kukana kwa wolandila-kusokoneza chikwi. Ngati DUT ndi foni yam'manja, cholumikizira fonicho chimatha kuyatsidwa ndi choyesa chokwanira cholumikizidwa kumapeto kwa cholumikizira cholowera. Kenako spectrum analyzer angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeza kutulutsa kwabodza kwa foni yowonekera. Zachidziwikire, zozungulira zina zosefera ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa pamaso pa spectrum analyzer. Popeza chitsanzochi chimangokambirana za kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ma coupler otsogolera, chigawo cha fyuluta sichinasinthidwe.
Chowongolera chowongolera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuletsa kusokoneza kwa wolandila kapena kutalika kolakwika kwa foni yam'manja.
Mu dera loyesali, kuwongolera kwa ma coupler otsogolera ndikofunikira kwambiri. Wowunikira ma spectrum wolumikizidwa mpaka kumapeto amangofuna kulandira chizindikiro kuchokera ku DUT ndipo sakufuna kulandira mawu achinsinsi kuchokera kumapeto kwa kulumikizana.
3, potengera zitsanzo ndi kuwunika
Muyezo wapaintaneti wa Transmitter ndi kuwunika zitha kukhala imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikizana ndi owongolera. Chiwerengero chotsatirachi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ma cellular base station. Tiyerekeze kuti mphamvu yakutulutsa kwa transmitter ndi 43dBm (20W), kuphatikiza kolowera kolowera. Kuchuluka kwake ndi 30dB, kutayika koyika (kutayika kwa mzere kuphatikiza kutayika kophatikizana) ndi 0.15dB. Mapeto ophatikizana ali ndi 13dBm (20mW) siginecha yotumizidwa ku base station tester, kutulutsa kwachindunji kwa coupler yolowera ndi 42.85dBm (19.3W), ndipo kutayikirako ndi Mphamvu yomwe ili kumbali yakutali imatengedwa ndi katundu.
Chowongolera chowongolera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyezera masiteshoni.
Pafupifupi ma transmitter onse amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi poyesa ndi kuyang'anira pa intaneti, ndipo mwina njira iyi yokha ndi yomwe ingatsimikizire kuyesedwa kwa ma transmitter pansi pamikhalidwe yabwinobwino yogwirira ntchito. Koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti chimodzimodzi ndi mayeso a transmitter, ndipo oyesa osiyanasiyana amakhala ndi nkhawa zosiyanasiyana. Kutengera masiteshoni oyambira a WCDMA monga mwachitsanzo, ogwiritsira ntchito akuyenera kulabadira zowonetsa mu bandi yawo yogwira ntchito (2110 ~ 2170MHz), monga mtundu wa siginecha, mphamvu yapanjira, mphamvu yoyandikana ndi tchanelo, ndi zina zambiri. Pansi pa izi, opanga aziyika pa kumapeto kwa siteshoni yoyambira A narrowband (monga 2110 ~ 2170MHz) chowongolera chowongolera kuti chiwunikire momwe ma transmitter amagwirira ntchito ndikutumiza kumalo owongolera nthawi iliyonse.
Ngati ndiye woyang'anira ma radio frequency sipekitiramu-wayilesi yowunikira kuti ayese zoziziritsa zofewa, zomwe zimayang'ana ndizosiyana kwambiri. Malinga ndi zofunikira za kasamalidwe ka wailesi, ma frequency oyesa amakulitsidwa mpaka 9kHz ~ 12.75GHz, ndipo malo oyesedwa ndi otakata kwambiri. Kodi ma radiation abodza angapangidwe bwanji mu band ya frequency ndikusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a masiteshoni ena? Nkhawa zamawayilesi owunika. Pakadali pano, ma coupler olunjika omwe ali ndi bandwidth omwewo amafunikira poyesa ma signature, koma cholumikizira cholozera chomwe chimatha kuphimba 9kHz ~ 12.75GHz sichikuwoneka kuti chilipo. Tikudziwa kuti kutalika kwa mkono wolumikizana wa coupler yolunjika kumayenderana ndi ma frequency ake apakati. Bandwidth ya ultra-wideband directional coupler imatha kukwaniritsa magulu a 5-6 octave, monga 0.5-18GHz, koma gulu lafupipafupi lomwe lili pansi pa 500MHz silingaphimbidwe.
4, muyeso wamagetsi pa intaneti
Muukadaulo woyezera mphamvu yamagetsi, chowongolera chowongolera ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri. Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa chojambula cha njira yoyezera mphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri. Mphamvu yakutsogolo yochokera ku amplifier pansi pa Mayeso imayesedwa ndikumapeto kolumikizira kutsogolo (terminal 3) ya chowongolera chowongolera ndikutumizidwa ku mita yamagetsi. Mphamvu yowonetsera imayesedwa ndi reverse coupling terminal (terminal 4) ndikutumizidwa ku mita yamagetsi.
Chowongolera chowongolera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza mphamvu zambiri.
Chonde dziwani: Kuphatikiza pa kulandira mphamvu yowonekera kuchokera pamtolo, reverse coupling terminal (terminal 4) imalandiranso mphamvu yotuluka kuchokera kutsogolo (terminal 1), zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kulunjika kwa coupler yolowera. Mphamvu zowonetseredwa ndi zomwe woyesa akuyembekeza kuyeza, ndipo mphamvu yotayikira ndiyo gwero lalikulu la zolakwika pakuyezera mphamvu komwe kumawonetsedwa. Mphamvu yowonetsera ndi kutayikira imayikidwa pamwamba pa mapeto ogwirizanitsa (4 malekezero) kenako amatumizidwa ku mita ya mphamvu. Popeza njira zotumizira zizindikiro ziwirizi ndizosiyana, ndi superposition vekitala. Ngati kulowetsa kwa mphamvu yotayikira ku mita yamagetsi kungayerekezedwe ndi mphamvu yowonetsedwa, kutulutsa kulakwitsa kwakukulu.
Zachidziwikire, mphamvu yowonetsedwa kuchokera pamtolo (mapeto 2) idzatsikanso mpaka kumapeto kwa kulumikizana (mapeto 1, osawonetsedwa pachithunzi pamwambapa). Komabe, kukula kwake ndi kochepa poyerekeza ndi mphamvu yakutsogolo, yomwe imayesa mphamvu yakutsogolo. Cholakwika chotsatiracho chikhoza kunyalanyazidwa.
Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. yomwe ili ku "Silicon Valley" ku China - Beijing Zhongguancun, ndi bizinesi yapamwamba kwambiri yodzipereka potumikira mabungwe ofufuza zapakhomo ndi akunja, mabungwe ofufuza, mayunivesite ndi ogwira ntchito kafukufuku wa sayansi. Kampani yathu imachita nawo kafukufuku wodziyimira pawokha ndi chitukuko, kapangidwe, kupanga, kugulitsa zinthu za optoelectronic, ndipo imapereka mayankho aluso ndi ntchito zamaluso, zotsogola za akatswiri ofufuza asayansi ndi akatswiri opanga mafakitale. Pambuyo pazaka zatsopano zodziyimira pawokha, zapanga mndandanda wolemera komanso wabwino kwambiri wazinthu zamagetsi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'matauni, asitikali, zoyendera, mphamvu zamagetsi, ndalama, maphunziro, zamankhwala ndi mafakitale ena.
Tikuyembekezera mgwirizano ndi inu!
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-20-2023