Zolumikizira zolunjika ndi zigawo za mafunde a microwave/millimeter zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ma microwave ndi machitidwe ena a microwave. Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito polekanitsa ma signal, kulekanitsa, ndi kusakaniza, monga kuyang'anira mphamvu, kukhazikika kwa mphamvu yotulutsa magwero, kudzipatula kwa magwero a ma signal, kuyesa kutumiza ndi kuwunikira pafupipafupi, ndi zina zotero. Ndi chogawa mphamvu cha microwave cholunjika, ndipo ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri mu ma reflectometer amakono osweep-frequency. Nthawi zambiri, pali mitundu ingapo, monga waveguide, coaxial line, stripline, ndi microstrip.
Chithunzi 1 ndi chithunzi cha kapangidwe kake. Chimaphatikizapo makamaka magawo awiri, mzere waukulu ndi mzere wothandiza, womwe umalumikizidwa kudzera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabowo ang'onoang'ono, mipata, ndi mipata. Chifukwa chake, gawo la mphamvu yolowera kuchokera ku "1" kumapeto kwa mzere waukulu lidzalumikizidwa ku mzere wachiwiri. Chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kapena kuyika mafunde pamwamba, mphamvuyo idzangotumizidwa pamzere wachiwiri - mbali imodzi (yotchedwa "kutsogolo"), ndipo inayo Palibe kutumiza mphamvu mu dongosolo limodzi (lotchedwa "kubwerera m'mbuyo")
Chithunzi 2 ndi cholumikizira chopingasa mbali zonse, chimodzi mwa madoko omwe ali mu cholumikiziracho chalumikizidwa ndi katundu wofanana womangidwa mkati.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Chiphatikiziro Chotsogolera
1, ya dongosolo la kaphatikizidwe ka mphamvu
Cholumikizira cha 3dB directional (chomwe chimadziwika kuti 3dB bridge) nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu multi-carrier frequency synthesis system, monga momwe chithunzi chili pansipa chikusonyezera. Mtundu uwu wa dera umapezeka kwambiri m'makina ogawa mkati. Zizindikiro f1 ndi f2 kuchokera ku ma amplifiers awiri amphamvu zikadutsa mu 3dB directional coupler, kutulutsa kwa njira iliyonse kumakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri za frequency f1 ndi f2, ndipo 3dB imachepetsa kutalika kwa gawo lililonse la frequency. Ngati chimodzi mwa zigawo zotulutsira chalumikizidwa ku katundu wonyamulira, kutulutsa kwina kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gwero lamphamvu la passive intermodulation measurement system. Ngati mukufuna kukonza kudzipatula kwambiri, mutha kuwonjezera zigawo zina monga zosefera ndi zolekanitsa. Kudzipatula kwa mlatho wa 3dB wopangidwa bwino kumatha kukhala kopitilira 33dB.
Cholumikizira cholunjika chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dongosolo loyamba lamagetsi.
Malo olowera mbali imodzi monga momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito pophatikiza mphamvu akuwonetsedwa pachithunzi (a) pansipa. Mu dera ili, kuwongolera kwa cholumikizira mbali imodzi kwagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru. Poganiza kuti madigiri olumikizira a zolumikizira ziwirizi ndi 10dB ndipo kuwongolera konse ndi 25dB, kudzipatula pakati pa malekezero a f1 ndi f2 ndi 45dB. Ngati zolowetsa za f1 ndi f2 zonse ndi 0dBm, kutulutsa kophatikizana konse ndi -10dBm. Poyerekeza ndi cholumikizira cha Wilkinson pachithunzi (b) pansipa (mtengo wake wamba wodzipatula ndi 20dB), chizindikiro cholowera chomwecho cha OdBm, pambuyo pa kupanga, pali -3dBm (popanda kuganizira kutayika kwa kulowetsa). Poyerekeza ndi mkhalidwe wa pakati pa zitsanzo, timawonjezera chizindikiro cholowera pachithunzi (a) ndi 7dB kuti kutulutsa kwake kugwirizane ndi chithunzi (b). Pakadali pano, kusiyana pakati pa f1 ndi f2 mu chithunzi (a) "kuchepa" "Ndi 38 dB. Zotsatira zomaliza zofananizira ndikuti njira yopangira mphamvu ya cholumikizira cholunjika ndi 18dB yokwera kuposa cholumikizira cha Wilkinson. Ndondomekoyi ndi yoyenera poyesa ma amplifiers khumi pakati pa f1 ndi f2.
Cholumikizira cholunjika chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dongosolo lophatikiza mphamvu 2
2, yogwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa wolandila wotsutsa kusokoneza kapena muyeso wabodza
Mu njira yoyesera ndi kuyeza ya RF, dera lomwe lawonetsedwa pachithunzichi limatha kuwoneka nthawi zambiri. Tiyerekeze kuti DUT (chipangizo kapena chipangizo chomwe chikuyesedwa) ndi cholandirira. Pankhaniyi, chizindikiro chosokoneza cha njira yapafupi chikhoza kulowetsedwa mu cholandirira kudzera kumapeto kwa cholumikizira cha directional coupler. Kenako choyesera cholumikizidwa nacho kudzera mu cholumikizira cha directional chingayese kukana kwa cholandirira—magwiridwe antchito a chikwi cha kusokoneza. Ngati DUT ndi foni yam'manja, chotumizira cha foniyo chikhoza kuyatsidwa ndi choyesera chokwanira cholumikizidwa kumapeto kwa cholumikizira cha directional coupler. Kenako chowunikira cha spectrum chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeza kutulutsa kolakwika kwa foni yowonera. Zachidziwikire, ma circuit ena osinthira ayenera kuwonjezedwa pamaso pa chowunikira cha spectrum. Popeza chitsanzochi chimangolankhula za kugwiritsa ntchito ma directional coupler, dera losinthira silimachotsedwa.
Cholumikizira cholozera mbali chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kusokoneza kwa wolandila kapena kutalika kwa foni yam'manja.
Mu gawo loyesera ili, kuwongolera kwa cholumikizira cholunjika ndikofunikira kwambiri. Chowunikira cha spectrum cholumikizidwa ku kumapeto kwa through chikufuna kulandira chizindikiro kuchokera ku DUT chokha ndipo sichikufuna kulandira mawu achinsinsi kuchokera kumapeto kwa cholumikizira.
3, yopezera zitsanzo za zizindikiro ndi kuyang'anira
Kuyeza ndi kuyang'anira ma transmitter pa intaneti kungakhale njira imodzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa ma directional couplers. Chithunzi chotsatirachi ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito ma directional couplers poyesa ma cell base station. Tiyerekeze kuti mphamvu yotulutsa ya transmitter ndi 43dBm (20W), kulumikizana kwa directional coupler. Mphamvu yake ndi 30dB, kutayika kwa insertion (kutayika kwa mzere kuphatikiza kutayika kwa coupling) ndi 0.15dB. Mapeto a coupling ali ndi chizindikiro cha 13dBm (20mW) chotumizidwa ku base station tester, kutulutsa mwachindunji kwa directional coupler ndi 42.85dBm (19.3W), ndipo kutayikira ndi mphamvu yomwe ili mbali yopatukana imatengedwa ndi katundu.
Cholumikizira cholunjika chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa siteshoni yoyambira.
Pafupifupi ma transmitter onse amagwiritsa ntchito njira iyi poyesa ndi kuyang'anira pa intaneti, ndipo mwina njira iyi yokha ndi yomwe ingatsimikizire kuyesa kwa transmitter pansi pa mikhalidwe yabwinobwino yogwirira ntchito. Koma ziyenera kudziwika kuti mayeso otumizira ndi omwewo, ndipo oyesa osiyanasiyana ali ndi nkhawa zosiyanasiyana. Potengera malo oyambira a WCDMA mwachitsanzo, ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kulabadira zizindikiro zomwe zili mu band yawo yogwirira ntchito (2110 ~ 2170MHz), monga mtundu wa chizindikiro, mphamvu yamkati, mphamvu yapafupi yanjira, ndi zina zotero. Pansi pa mfundo iyi, opanga adzayika kumapeto kwa siteshoni yoyambira A narrowband (monga 2110 ~ 2170MHz) directional coupler kuti ayang'anire momwe transmitter imagwirira ntchito mkati mwa band ndikutumiza ku control center nthawi iliyonse.
Ngati ndi wowongolera ma frequency spectrum a wailesi - malo owunikira ma radio kuti ayesere zizindikiro za siteshoni yofewa, cholinga chake ndi chosiyana kwambiri. Malinga ndi zofunikira pa kayendetsedwe ka wailesi, kuchuluka kwa ma frequency oyesera kumakulitsidwa kufika pa 9kHz ~ 12.75GHz, ndipo siteshoni yowunikira ma radio ndi yayikulu kwambiri. Kodi ndi ma radiation angati onyenga omwe adzapangidwe mu frequency band ndikusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a nthawi zonse a ma base station ena? Nkhawa ya ma radio monitoring stations. Pakadali pano, cholumikizira cholunjika chokhala ndi bandwidth yomweyo chikufunika kuti chisanthulidwe cha chizindikiro, koma cholumikizira cholunjika chomwe chingaphimbe 9kHz ~ 12.75GHz sichikuwoneka kuti chilipo. Tikudziwa kuti kutalika kwa mkono wolumikizira wa cholumikizira cholunjika kumagwirizana ndi ma centre frequency ake. Bandwidth ya cholumikizira cholunjika cha ultra-wideband imatha kufika ma octave band 5-6, monga 0.5-18GHz, koma frequency band yomwe ili pansi pa 500MHz singathe kuphimbidwa.
4, muyeso wa mphamvu pa intaneti
Mu ukadaulo woyezera mphamvu wa mtundu wa through-type, cholumikizira cholunjika ndi chipangizo chofunikira kwambiri. Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa chithunzi cha dongosolo loyezera mphamvu yamagetsi yodutsa. Mphamvu yakutsogolo kuchokera ku amplifier yomwe ili pansi pa Test imayesedwa ndi mapeto olumikizira kutsogolo (terminal 3) ya cholumikizira cholunjika ndikutumizidwa ku mita yamagetsi. Mphamvu yowonetsedwa imayesedwa ndi terminal yolumikizira kumbuyo (terminal 4) ndikutumizidwa ku mita yamagetsi.
Cholumikizira cholunjika chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mphamvu yayikulu.
Chonde dziwani: Kuwonjezera pa kulandira mphamvu yowunikira kuchokera ku katundu, cholumikizira cholumikizira chobwerera (terminal 4) chimalandiranso mphamvu yotulukira kuchokera kutsogolo (terminal 1), zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwongolera kwa cholumikizira cholunjika. Mphamvu yowunikira ndi yomwe woyesa akuyembekeza kuyeza, ndipo mphamvu yotulukira ndiye gwero lalikulu la zolakwika pakuyesa mphamvu yowunikira. Mphamvu yowunikira ndi mphamvu yotulukira zimayikidwa pamwamba pa mapeto olumikizira obwerera (malekezero 4) kenako zimatumizidwa ku mita yamagetsi. Popeza njira zotumizira zizindikiro ziwirizi ndizosiyana, ndi malo owonetsera vekitala. Ngati mphamvu yotulukira ku mita yamagetsi ingayerekezeredwe ndi mphamvu yowunikira, ipanga cholakwika chachikulu pakuyeza.
Zachidziwikire, mphamvu yowunikira kuchokera ku katundu (kumapeto kwa 2) idzatulukanso mpaka kumapeto kwa cholumikizira chamtsogolo (kumapeto kwa 1, sikunawonetsedwe pachithunzi pamwambapa). Komabe, kukula kwake ndi kochepa poyerekeza ndi mphamvu yakutsogolo, yomwe imayesa mphamvu yakutsogolo. Cholakwika chomwe chimabwera chifukwa chake chinganyalanyazidwe.
Kampani ya Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. yomwe ili ku "Silicon Valley" ku China - Beijing Zhongguancun, ndi kampani yapamwamba kwambiri yodzipereka kutumikira mabungwe ofufuza am'deralo ndi akunja, mabungwe ofufuza, mayunivesite ndi ogwira ntchito zofufuza zasayansi zamabizinesi. Kampani yathu imagwira ntchito yofufuza ndi kupanga zinthu za optoelectronic payokha, kupanga, kupanga, kugulitsa zinthu za optoelectronic, ndipo imapereka mayankho atsopano komanso ntchito zaukadaulo kwa ofufuza asayansi ndi mainjiniya amafakitale. Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zopanga zinthu zatsopano payokha, yapanga mndandanda wolemera komanso wangwiro wa zinthu zamagetsi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'maboma, m'magulu ankhondo, m'mayendedwe, m'magetsi, m'zachuma, m'maphunziro, m'zachipatala ndi m'mafakitale ena.
Tikuyembekezera mgwirizano ndi inu!
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-20-2023