Chowunikira zithunzi cha single-photon chadutsa mu vuto la 80% la magwiridwe antchito

Chowunikira zithunzi cha photon imodziadutsa mu vuto la 80% la magwiridwe antchito

Chithunzi chimodzichowunikira zithunziamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo a quantum photonics ndi single-photon imaging chifukwa cha ubwino wawo wochepa komanso wotsika mtengo, koma akukumana ndi zovuta zaukadaulo zotsatirazi.

Zoletsa zamakono zomwe zilipo panopa

1. CMOS ndi thin-junction SPAD: Ngakhale kuti ali ndi integration yapamwamba komanso low timing jitter, absorption layer ndi yopyapyala (ma micrometer ochepa), ndipo PDE ndi yochepa m'dera la near-infrared, ndi pafupifupi 32% yokha pa 850 nm.

2. SPAD Yolumikizana Kwambiri: Ili ndi gawo loyamwa la ma micrometer okhuthala makumi ambiri. Zogulitsa zamalonda zili ndi PDE ya pafupifupi 70% pa 780 nm, koma kudutsa 80% n'kovuta kwambiri.

3. Werengani malire a dera: SPAD yolumikizana ndi makulidwe imafuna magetsi ochulukirapo kuposa 30V kuti zitsimikizire kuti pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa chipale chofewa. Ngakhale magetsi oziziritsa a 68V m'magawo achikhalidwe, PDE ingangowonjezeredwa kufika pa 75.1%.

Yankho

Konzani bwino kapangidwe ka semiconductor ka SPAD. Kapangidwe kowunikira kumbuyo: Ma photon ochitika amawonongeka mwachangu mu silicon. Kapangidwe kowunikira kumbuyo kamatsimikizira kuti ma photon ambiri amalowa mu gawo loyamwa, ndipo ma elekitironi opangidwa amalowetsedwa m'dera la avalanche. Chifukwa kuchuluka kwa ma ionization a ma elekitironi mu silicon ndi okwera kuposa mabowo, kulowetsedwa kwa ma elekitironi kumapereka mwayi waukulu wa avalanche. Doping compensation avalanche region: Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yopitilira ya boron ndi phosphorous, doping yosaya imalipidwa kuti ikhazikitse mphamvu yamagetsi m'dera lakuya lomwe lili ndi zolakwika zochepa za kristalo, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa phokoso monga DCR.

2. Dongosolo lowerengera lapamwamba kwambiri. Kuzimitsa kwa amplitude ya 50V Kusintha kwachangu; Kugwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana: Mwa kuphatikiza zizindikiro za FPGA control QUENCHING ndi RESET, kusintha kosinthasintha pakati pa ntchito yaulere (signal trigger), gating (external GATE drive), ndi ma hybrid modes kumachitika.

3. Kukonzekera ndi kulongedza zipangizo. Njira ya SPAD wafer imagwiritsiridwa ntchito, ndi phukusi la gulugufe. SPAD imalumikizidwa ku gawo lonyamulira la AlN ndikuyikidwa molunjika pa thermoelectric cooler (TEC), ndipo kuwongolera kutentha kumachitika kudzera mu thermistor. Ulusi wa multimode optical umalumikizidwa bwino ndi SPAD center kuti ugwirizane bwino.

4. Kuyesa magwiridwe antchito. Kuyesa kunachitika pogwiritsa ntchito diode ya laser ya 785 nm picosecond pulsed laser (100 kHz) ndi chosinthira nthawi ndi digito (TDC, 10 ps resolution).

Chidule

Mwa kukonza kapangidwe ka SPAD (malo olumikizirana, kumbuyo kowunikira, kubwezeretsanso doping) ndikusintha dera lozimitsira la 50 V, kafukufukuyu adakweza bwino PDE ya chowunikira cha single-photon chochokera ku silicon kufika pa 84.4%. Poyerekeza ndi zinthu zamalonda, magwiridwe ake onse awonjezeka kwambiri, kupereka mayankho othandiza pa ntchito monga kulumikizana kwa quantum, quantum computing, ndi kujambula zithunzi zomwe zimafuna kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso kusinthasintha. Ntchitoyi yakhazikitsa maziko olimba opititsira patsogolo chitukuko cha silicon-based.chowunikira cha photon imodziukadaulo.