Silicon photonics passive components

Zithunzi za siliconzongokhala chete

Pali zigawo zingapo zazikulu zomwe zimangokhala mu silicon photonics. Chimodzi mwa izi ndi chowotchera pamwamba-emitting grating, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1A. Zimapangidwa ndi grating yolimba mu waveguide yomwe nthawi yake imakhala yofanana ndi kutalika kwa mafunde a kuwala mu waveguide. Izi zimathandiza kuti kuwala kutulutsidwe kapena kulandiridwa molunjika pamwamba, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino poyezera milingo yopyapyala komanso / kapena kulumikizana ndi ulusi. Grating ma coupler ndi apadera ku silicon photonics chifukwa amafunikira kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kolunjika. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muyesa kupanga cholumikizira cholumikizira munjira yodziwika bwino ya InP, kuwalako kumadumphira mu gawo lapansi m'malo motulutsa choyimirira chifukwa chowongolera cha grating chimakhala ndi index yotsika kwambiri kuposa gawo lapansi. Kuti igwire ntchito mu InP, zinthu ziyenera kufukulidwa pansi pa grating kuti ziyimitse, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1B.

Chithunzi 1: pamwamba-emitting one-dimensional grating couplers mu silicon (A) ndi InP (B). Mu (A), imvi ndi buluu wowala zimayimira silicon ndi silika, motsatana. Mu (B), zofiira ndi lalanje zimayimira InGaAsP ndi InP, motsatana. Zithunzi (C) ndi (D) ndi zithunzi za ma electron microscope (SEM) za InP yoyimitsidwa ya cantilever grating coupler.

Chigawo china chofunikira ndi chosinthira malo (SSC) pakati paoptical waveguidendi CHIKWANGWANI, chomwe chimasintha mawonekedwe a 0.5 × 1 μm2 mu silicon waveguide kukhala pafupifupi 10 × 10 μm2 mu ulusi. Njira yodziwika bwino ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe otchedwa inverse taper, momwe ma waveguide amachepera pang'ono pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwakukulu kwakuwalachigamba cha mode. Mchitidwewu ukhoza kugwidwa ndi galasi loyimitsidwa loyimitsidwa, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Chithunzi 2. Ndi SSC yotereyi, kutayika kophatikizana kosachepera 1.5dB kumatheka mosavuta.

Chithunzi 2: Kusintha kukula kwa chitsanzo kwa ma silicon wire waveguides. Zinthu za silicon zimapanga mawonekedwe opindika mkati mwa galasi loyimitsidwa la waveguide. Gawo la silicon lazikika pansi pa galasi loyimitsidwa la waveguide.

Chofunikira kwambiri ndi polarization mtengo splitter. Zitsanzo zina za polarization splitters zikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 3. Yoyamba ndi Mach-Zender interferometer (MZI), pomwe mkono uliwonse uli ndi birefringence yosiyana. Chachiwiri ndi njira yosavuta yolowera. Mawonekedwe amtundu wa silicon wire waveguide ndiokwera kwambiri, kotero kuti kuwala kodutsa maginito (TM) polarized kuwala kumatha kulumikizidwa kwathunthu, pomwe kuwala kozungulira kwamagetsi (TE) kumatha kusakanikirana. Chachitatu ndi grating coupler, momwe ulusi umayikidwa pa Angle kuti TE polarized kuwala kuphatikizidwa mbali imodzi ndi TM polarized kuwala kuphatikizidwa kwina. Chachinayi ndi awiri dimensional grating coupler. Mitundu ya Fiber yomwe magawo ake amagetsi amayenderana ndi njira yakufalikira kwa ma waveguide amaphatikizidwa ndi ma waveguide ofanana. Ulusiwu ukhoza kupendekeka ndikuphatikizidwa ndi ma waveguide awiri, kapena perpendicular pamwamba ndikuphatikizidwa ndi ma waveguide anayi. Ubwino wowonjezera wa ma couplers awiri-dimensional grating ndikuti amakhala ngati polarization rotators, kutanthauza kuti kuwala konse pa chip kumakhala ndi polarization, koma ma polarization awiri a orthogonal amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ulusi.

Chithunzi 3: Multiple polarization splitters.