Kulumikizana kwa Quantum ndiye gawo lapakati paukadaulo wazidziwitso wa quantum. Lili ndi ubwino wachinsinsi chamtheradi, mphamvu yaikulu yolankhulirana, kuthamanga kwachangu, ndi zina zotero. Ikhoza kumaliza ntchito zina zomwe kulankhulana kwachikale sikungathe kukwaniritsa. Kuyankhulana kwa Quantum kungagwiritse ntchito makina achinsinsi, omwe sangathe kufotokozedwa kuti azindikire tanthauzo lenileni la kulankhulana kotetezeka, kotero kuti kuyankhulana kwachulukidwe kwakhala patsogolo pa sayansi ndi zamakono padziko lapansi. Kuyankhulana kwa quantum kumagwiritsa ntchito quantum state ngati chidziwitso kuti azindikire kufalitsa bwino kwa chidziwitso. Ndi kusintha kwina mu mbiri ya kulankhulana pambuyo pa telefoni ndi kuwala.
Zigawo zazikulu za kulumikizana kwa quantum:
Kugawa kwachinsinsi kwa Quantum:
Kugawa kwachinsinsi kwa Quantum sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa zachinsinsi. Komabe, ndikukhazikitsa ndi kuyankhulana ndi buku la cipher, ndiko kuti, kugawa kiyi yachinsinsi kumbali zonse ziwiri za kulumikizana kwaumwini, komwe kumadziwika kuti quantum cryptography communication.
Mu 1984, Bennett wa ku United States ndi brassart waku Canada adapereka ndondomeko ya BB84, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma quantum bits ngati zonyamulira zidziwitso kuyika maiko a quantum pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a kuwala kwa kuwala kuti azindikire m'badwo ndi kugawa kotetezeka kwa makiyi achinsinsi. Mu 1992, Bennett anakonza ndondomeko ya B92 yozikidwa pa zigawo ziwiri za nonorthogonal quantum zomwe zimakhala zosavuta komanso zosavuta. Ma ziwembu onsewa amachokera pa seti imodzi kapena zingapo za orthogonal ndi nonorthogonal single quantum states. Pomaliza, mu 1991, Ekert waku UK adapereka lingaliro la E91 kutengera momwe tinthu tambiri tambirimbiri tamangirizira, zomwe ndi EPR pair.
Mu 1998, njira ina yolumikizirana yamayiko asanu ndi limodzi idapangidwa kuti isankhe polarization pazigawo zitatu zolumikizana zopangidwa ndi zigawo zinayi za polarization ndikuzungulira kumanzere ndi koyenera mu protocol ya BB84. Protocol ya BB84 yatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi njira yotetezeka yogawa, yomwe sinaswedwe ndi aliyense mpaka pano. Mfundo ya kusatsimikizika kwa quantum ndi quantum non-cloning imatsimikizira chitetezo chake chonse. Chifukwa chake, protocol ya EPR ili ndi phindu laukadaulo lofunikira. Imalumikiza dziko lokhazikika la quantum ndi kulumikizana kotetezeka kwa quantum ndikutsegula njira yatsopano yolumikizirana yotetezeka ya quantum.
quantum teleportation:
Chiphunzitso cha quantum teleportation chomwe Bennett ndi asayansi ena m'maiko asanu ndi limodzi mu 1993 ndi njira yabwino yopatsira njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito njira ya tinthu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timatsekeredwa kuti titumize dziko losadziwika bwino, ndipo kupambana kwa teleportation kudzafika 100% [ 2].
Mu 199, a. Gulu la Zeilinger la ku Austria linamaliza kutsimikizira koyamba kwa mfundo ya quantum teleportation mu labotale. M'mafilimu ambiri, chiwembu choterechi chimawonekera nthawi zambiri: chithunzi chodabwitsa chimatha mwadzidzidzi pamalo amodzi mwadzidzidzi. Komabe, chifukwa quantum teleportation imaphwanya mfundo ya quantum non-cloning ndi kusatsimikizika kwa Heisenberg mu quantum mechanics, ndi mtundu chabe wa zopeka za sayansi mukulankhulana kwakanthawi.
Komabe, lingaliro lapadera la quantum entanglement limayambitsidwa mu quantum communication, yomwe imagawaniza chidziwitso chosadziwika cha quantum state m'magawo awiri: quantum information and classical information, zomwe zimapangitsa chozizwitsa chodabwitsa ichi kuchitika. Chidziwitso cha Quantum ndi chidziwitso chomwe sichinatulutsidwe pakuyezera, ndipo chidziwitso chakale ndiye muyeso woyambirira.
Kupititsa patsogolo kulumikizana kwa quantum:
Kuyambira 1994, kulumikizana kwachulukidwe pang'onopang'ono kwalowa muyeso ndikupita patsogolo ku cholinga chothandiza, chomwe chili ndi phindu lalikulu lachitukuko komanso phindu lazachuma. Mu 1997, pan Jianwei, wasayansi wachinyamata waku China, ndi Bow meister, wasayansi waku Dutch, adayesa ndikuzindikira kufalikira kwa mayiko osadziwika a quantum.
Mu April 2004, Sorensen et al. Anazindikira kutumiza kwa data kwa 1.45km pakati pa mabanki kwa nthawi yoyamba pogwiritsa ntchito kugawa kwachulukidwe, kuwonetsa kulumikizana kwachulukidwe kuchokera ku labotale kupita kumalo ogwiritsira ntchito. Pakadali pano, ukadaulo wolumikizirana wa quantum wakopa chidwi kwambiri ndi maboma, mafakitale, ndi maphunziro. Makampani ena odziwika padziko lonse lapansi akupanganso kutsatsa kwazambiri, monga British telefoni ndi Telegraph Company, belu, IBM, & T laboratories ku United States, kampani ya Toshiba ku Japan, kampani ya Nokia ku Germany, ndi zina zambiri. 2008, European Union ya "ntchito yotetezedwa padziko lonse lapansi yolumikizirana pa intaneti yotengera kuchuluka kwa cryptography" idakhazikitsa njira yolumikizirana yotetezedwa ya 7-node Kuwonetsa ndi kutsimikizira maukonde.
Mu 2010, magazini ya Time ya ku United States inanena za kupambana kwa kuyesera kwa China kwa 16 km quantum teleportation mu ndime ya "nkhani zophulika" ndi mutu wa "kudumpha kwa China Quantum Science," kusonyeza kuti China ikhoza kukhazikitsa maukonde olankhulana ochuluka pakati pa pansi ndi satellite [3]. Mu 2010, National Intelligence and Communication Research Institute of Japan ndi Mitsubishi Electric ndi NEC, ID yodziwika ndi Switzerland, Toshiba Europe Limited, ndi Vienna yonse yaku Austria idakhazikitsa ma node asanu ndi limodzi amtundu wolumikizirana "Tokyo QKD network" ku Tokyo. Maukondewa amayang'ana zotsatira zaposachedwa za kafukufuku wamabungwe ndi makampani omwe ali ndi chitukuko chapamwamba kwambiri paukadaulo wolumikizirana wa quantum ku Japan ndi Europe.
Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. yomwe ili ku "Silicon Valley" ku China - Beijing Zhongguancun, ndi bizinesi yapamwamba kwambiri yodzipereka potumikira mabungwe ofufuza zapakhomo ndi akunja, mabungwe ofufuza, mayunivesite ndi ogwira ntchito kafukufuku wa sayansi. Kampani yathu imachita nawo kafukufuku wodziyimira pawokha ndi chitukuko, kapangidwe, kupanga, kugulitsa zinthu za optoelectronic, ndipo imapereka mayankho aluso ndi ntchito zamaluso, zotsogola za akatswiri ofufuza asayansi ndi akatswiri opanga mafakitale. Pambuyo pazaka zatsopano zodziyimira pawokha, zapanga mndandanda wolemera komanso wabwino kwambiri wazinthu zamagetsi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'matauni, asitikali, zoyendera, mphamvu zamagetsi, ndalama, maphunziro, zamankhwala ndi mafakitale ena.
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Nthawi yotumiza: May-05-2023