Mfundo ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kaChokulitsa cha fiber chopangidwa ndi erbium cha EDFA
Kapangidwe koyambira kaEDFAChojambulira cha ulusi chopangidwa ndi erbium, chomwe chimapangidwa makamaka ndi cholumikizira chogwira ntchito (ulusi wa quartz wopangidwa ndi doped wa mamita ambiri, mainchesi apakati 3-5 microns, kuchuluka kwa doping (25-1000)x10-6), gwero la kuwala kwa pampu (990 kapena 1480nm LD), cholumikizira cha optical ndi chosiyanitsa kuwala. Kuwala kwa chizindikiro ndi kuwala kwa pampu kumatha kufalikira mbali imodzi (co-pumping), mbali yotsutsana (reverse pumping), kapena mbali zonse ziwiri (bidirectional pumping) mu ulusi wa Erbium. Kuwala kwa chizindikiro ndi kuwala kwa pampu zikalowetsedwa mu ulusi wa erbium nthawi imodzi, erbium ion imasunthika kufika pamlingo wapamwamba wa mphamvu (dongosolo la magawo atatu) pansi pa ntchito ya kuwala kwa pampu, ndipo posakhalitsa imawola kufika pamlingo wokhazikika. Ikabwerera ku nthaka pansi pa ntchito ya kuwala kwa chizindikiro, photon yofanana ndi kuwala kwa chizindikiro imatulutsidwa, kotero kuti chizindikirocho chimakulitsidwa. Mphamvu yake ya amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectrum ili ndi bandwidth yayikulu (mpaka 20-40nm) ndipo ili ndi nsonga ziwiri zofanana ndi 1530nm ndi 1550nm motsatana.
Ubwino waukulu waChokulitsa cha EDFAndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, bandwidth yayikulu, mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa kupompa, kutayika kochepa kwa ma insertion, komanso kusakhudzidwa ndi momwe ma polarization amagwirira ntchito.
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya amplifier ya fiber yopangidwa ndi erbium
Chojambulira cha ulusi chopangidwa ndi Erbium（Chokulitsa cha EDFA Optical） makamaka imapangidwa ndi ulusi wopangidwa ndi erbium (pafupifupi 10-30m kutalika) ndi gwero la kuwala kwa pampu. Mfundo yogwira ntchito ndi yakuti ulusi wopangidwa ndi erbium umapanga kuwala kolimbikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito gwero la kuwala lopompedwa (wavelength 980nm kapena 1480nm), ndipo kuwala kowala kumasintha ndi kusintha kwa chizindikiro cha kuwala cholowera, chomwe chikufanana ndi kukulitsa chizindikiro cha kuwala cholowera. Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti phindu la amplifier ya ulusi wopangidwa ndi Erbium nthawi zambiri limakhala 15-40db, ndipo mtunda wolumikizirana ukhoza kuwonjezeka ndi makilomita opitilira 100. Chifukwa chake, anthu sangalephere kufunsa: nchifukwa chiyani asayansi adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito erbium wopangidwa ndi doped mu fiber amplifier kuti awonjezere mphamvu ya mafunde a kuwala? Tikudziwa kuti erbium ndi chinthu chosowa chapadziko lapansi, ndipo zinthu zosowa zapadziko lapansi zili ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosowa zapadziko lapansi mu zipangizo zowunikira kwakhala kukugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kuti kuwonjezere magwiridwe antchito a zida zowunikira, kotero izi sizinthu zomwe zimachitika mwangozi. Kuphatikiza apo, nchifukwa chiyani kutalika kwa mafunde a gwero la kuwala kwa pampu kumasankhidwa pa 980nm kapena 1480nm? Ndipotu, kutalika kwa mafunde a gwero la kuwala kwa pampu kungakhale 520nm, 650nm, 980nm, ndi 1480nm, koma machitidwe awonetsa kuti kutalika kwa mafunde a laser ya 1480nm ndikwapamwamba kwambiri, kutsatiridwa ndi kutalika kwa mafunde a gwero la kuwala kwa pampu ya 980nm.
Kapangidwe ka thupi
Kapangidwe koyambira ka erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA Optical Amplifier). Pali cholekanitsa kumapeto kwa cholowetsa ndi kumapeto kwa chotulutsira, cholinga chake ndikupanga chizindikiro cha optical transmission cholowera mbali imodzi. Chotulutsira pampu chili ndi kutalika kwa 980nm kapena 1480nm ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupereka mphamvu. Ntchito ya cholumikizira ndikulumikiza chizindikiro cha optical cholowetsa ndi kuwala kwa pampu mu ulusi wopangidwa ndi erbium, ndikusamutsa mphamvu ya kuwala kwa pampu kupita ku chizindikiro cha optical cholowetsa kudzera mu ntchito ya ulusi wopangidwa ndi erbium, kuti mphamvu ya chizindikiro cha optical cholowetsa ikwaniritsidwe. Kuti mupeze mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa ndi chizindikiro chochepa cha phokoso, chotulutsira ulusi chopangidwa ndi Erbium chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita izi chimagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka magwero awiri kapena angapo a pampu okhala ndi zolekanitsa pakati kuti zilekanitse. Kuti mupeze curve yayikulu komanso yosalala, fyuluta yopezera mphamvu imawonjezedwa.
EDFA ili ndi magawo asanu akuluakulu: Ulusi wopangidwa ndi Erbium (EDF), cholumikizira cha Optical (WDM), chosungunula cha optical (ISO), Chosungunula cha Optical, ndi Chopereka cha Kupompa. Magwero a mapampu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi 980nm ndi 1480nm, ndipo magwero awiriwa a mapampu ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zopompa ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mphamvu ya phokoso la gwero la kuwala kwa pampu ya 980nm ndi yotsika; Gwero la kuwala kwa pampu ya 1480nm lili ndi mphamvu zambiri zopompa ndipo limatha kupeza mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa (pafupifupi 3dB kuposa gwero la kuwala kwa pampu ya 980nm).
ubwino
1. Kutalika kwa nthawi yogwirira ntchito kumagwirizana ndi zenera locheperako la ulusi wa single-mode.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri polumikizira. Chifukwa ndi chokulitsa ulusi, n'zosavuta kulumikiza ndi ulusi wotumizira.
3. Mphamvu yosinthira mphamvu kwambiri. Pakati pa EDF ndi kakang'ono kuposa ulusi wotumizira, ndipo kuwala kwa chizindikiro ndi kuwala kwa pampu zimatumizidwa nthawi imodzi mu EDF, kotero mphamvu yowunikira imakhala yochuluka kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kulumikizana pakati pa kuwala ndi gain medium Er ion kukhale kodzaza kwambiri, kuphatikiza kutalika koyenera kwa ulusi wopangidwa ndi erbium, kotero mphamvu yosinthira mphamvu ya kuwala ndi yayikulu.
4. Kupeza phindu lalikulu, phokoso lochepa, mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa, kulankhulana kochepa pakati pa njira.
5. Makhalidwe a Stable gain: EDFA siikhudzidwa ndi kutentha, ndipo gain ili ndi mgwirizano wochepa ndi polarization.
6. Mbali ya gain siimasiyana ndi liwiro la bit system ndi mtundu wa data.
kusowa
1. Mphamvu Yopanda Utali: EDFA imakulitsa mphamvu ya kuwala powonjezera mphamvu ya kuwala yomwe imalowetsedwa mu ulusi, koma ikakhala yayikulu imakhala yabwino. Mphamvu ya kuwala ikawonjezeka kufika pamlingo winawake, mphamvu yopanda Utali ya ulusi wowala imapangidwa. Chifukwa chake, pogwiritsa ntchito ma amplifiers a fiber optical, chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa pa kufunika kolamulira mphamvu ya kuwala ya ulusi wolowa m'njira imodzi.
2. Kuchuluka kwa mafunde a gain kumakhazikika: kuchuluka kwa mafunde a C-band EDFA ndi 1530nm ~ 1561nm; Kuchuluka kwa mafunde a L-band EDFA ndi 1565nm ~ 1625nm.
3. Uneven gain bandwidth: Uneven gain bandwidth ya EDFA erbium-doped fiber amplifier ndi yayikulu kwambiri, koma kuchuluka kwa EDF sikwabwino. Fyuluta yochepetsera kuchuluka iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka mu dongosolo la WDM.
4. Vuto la kuwala kowala: Pamene njira yowala ili yabwinobwino, ma erbium ion omwe amayatsidwa ndi kuwala kwa pampu amatengedwa ndi kuwala kwa chizindikiro, motero kumaliza kukulitsa kwa kuwala kwa chizindikiro. Ngati kuwala kolowera kwafupikitsidwa, chifukwa ma erbium ion okhazikika amapitilira kusonkhana, kuwala kwa chizindikiro kukabwezeretsedwa, mphamvu idzadumphadumpha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwala kukwere.
5. Yankho la opaleshoni ya optical surge ndikupeza ntchito yochepetsa mphamvu ya optical automatic (APR) kapena automatic optical power off (APSD) mu EDFA, ndiko kuti, EDFA imachepetsa mphamvu yokha kapena kuzimitsa yokha mphamvuyo pamene palibe kuwala kolowera, motero kuletsa kuchitika kwa opaleshoni ya optical.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito
1. Chowonjezera mphamvu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukweza mphamvu ya zizindikiro zingapo za kutalika kwa nthawi pambuyo pa mafunde a chilimbikitso, kenako kuzitumiza. Popeza mphamvu ya chizindikiro pambuyo pa mafunde a chilimbikitso nthawi zambiri imakhala yayikulu, index ya phokoso ndi kuchuluka kwa amplifier ya mphamvu sizikhala zokwera kwambiri. Ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa.
2. Chowonjezera mphamvu, pambuyo pa Chowonjezera mphamvu, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi kubweza kutayika kwa kutumiza kwa Line, nthawi zambiri kumafuna chizindikiro chochepa cha phokoso ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa.
3. Pre-Amplifier: Asanayambe kugawa ndi pambuyo pa amplifier ya mzere, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa chizindikiro ndikukweza mphamvu ya wolandila (ngati chiŵerengero cha optical signal-to-noise (OSNR) chikukwaniritsa zofunikira, mphamvu yayikulu yolowera imatha kuletsa phokoso la wolandilayo ndikukweza mphamvu yolandirira), ndipo chizindikiro cha phokoso ndi chochepa kwambiri. Palibe chofunikira chachikulu pa mphamvu yotulutsa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-17-2025