Spektromita ya zida zowunikira chizindikiro cha kuwala

Kuzindikira chizindikiro cha kuwalachipangizo choyezera zinthu zamagetsi
A spectromitandi chida chowunikira chomwe chimalekanitsa kuwala kwa polychromatic kukhala spectrum. Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma spectrometer, kuwonjezera pa ma spectrometer omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gulu lowala looneka, pali ma infrared spectrometer ndi ma ultraviolet spectrometer. Malinga ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zofalikira, zitha kugawidwa m'ma prism spectrometer, grating spectrometer ndi interference spectrometer. Malinga ndi njira yodziwira, pali ma spectroscope owonera mwachindunji maso, ma spectroscope ojambulira ndi mafilimu oonera kuwala, ndi ma spectrophotometer ozindikira ma spectra ndi zinthu zamagetsi kapena zamagetsi. Monochromator ndi chida chowonera kuwala chomwe chimatulutsa mzere umodzi wokha wa chromatographic kudzera mu mng'alu, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zida zina zowunikira.
Spektrometer yachizolowezi imakhala ndi nsanja yowunikira ndi makina owunikira. Ili ndi zigawo zazikulu izi:
1. Kugawanika kwa ngozi: malo ofunikira a makina ojambulira zithunzi a spectrometer omwe amapangidwa ndi kuwala kwa kuwala komwe kwachitika.
2. Chopangira cha Collimation: kuwala komwe kumatulutsidwa ndi mpata kumakhala kuwala kofanana. Chopangira cha collimating chingakhale lenzi yodziyimira payokha, galasi, kapena yolumikizidwa mwachindunji pachopangira chobalalitsa, monga chopangira concave mu concave grating spectrometer.
(3) Chigawo chogawanitsa: nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira, kotero kuti chizindikiro cha kuwala mumlengalenga molingana ndi kufalikira kwa mafunde m'matanthwe angapo.
4. Chinthu choyang'ana: Yang'anani kuwala kofalikira kuti kupange zithunzi zingapo zosweka pa focal plane, pomwe chithunzi chilichonse chikugwirizana ndi kutalika kwa funde linalake.
5. Detector array: imayikidwa pa focal plane poyesa mphamvu ya kuwala kwa mfundo iliyonse ya kutalika kwa nthawi. Detector array ikhoza kukhala CCD array kapena mitundu ina ya light detector array.
Ma spectrometer odziwika kwambiri m'ma laboratories akuluakulu ndi ma CT structures, ndipo gulu la ma spectrometer amenewa limatchedwanso monochromators, omwe amagawidwa m'magulu awiri:
1, kapangidwe ka CT kofanana ndi kosiyana ndi kofanana ...
2, kapangidwe ka CT kosakanikirana ndi axial scanning, ndiko kuti, njira yamkati yowunikira siili yofanana kwathunthu, gudumu la nsanja yolumikizira lili ndi ma axes awiri apakati, kuti zitsimikizire kuti kuzungulira kwa grating kwasunthidwa mu axis, kuletsa kuwala kosochera bwino, komanso kukonza kulondola. Kapangidwe ka kapangidwe ka CT kosakanikirana ndi in-axis scanning kamayang'ana mfundo zitatu zofunika: kukonza bwino chithunzi, kuchotsa kuwala kwachiwiri kosakanikirana, ndikukulitsa kuwala.
Zigawo zake zazikulu ndi izi: A. chochitikagwero la kuwalaB. Mng'alu wolowera C. galasi lozungulira D. chokongoletsera E. galasi lolunjika F. Kutuluka (mng'alu) G.chowunikira zithunzi
Spectroscope (Spectroscope) ndi chida chasayansi chomwe chimagawa kuwala kovuta m'mizere ya spectral, yokhala ndi ma prism kapena ma diffraction gratings, ndi zina zotero, pogwiritsa ntchito spectrometer kuyeza kuwala komwe kumawonetsedwa kuchokera pamwamba pa chinthu. Kuwala kwa mitundu isanu ndi iwiri padzuwa ndi gawo la diso lamaliseche likhoza kugawidwa (kuwala kowoneka), koma ngati spectrometer iwononga dzuwa, malinga ndi dongosolo la wavelength, kuwala kowoneka kumangokhala ndi mtundu wochepa wa spectrum, zina zonse ndi zamaliseche zomwe maso sangathe kusiyanitsa spectrum, monga infrared, microwave, ultraviolet, X-ray ndi zina zotero. Kudzera mu kujambula chidziwitso cha kuwala ndi spectrometer, kupanga mapepala ojambula zithunzi, kapena kuwonetsa kwa zida zamanambala pogwiritsa ntchito kompyuta, kuti tidziwe zinthu zomwe zili munkhaniyi. Ukadaulo uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pozindikira kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya, kuipitsidwa kwa madzi, ukhondo wa chakudya, makampani opanga zitsulo ndi zina zotero.