Njira za Optical multiplexing ndi ukwati wawo pa-chip: ndemanga

Njira za Optical multiplexing ndi ukwati wawo pa-chip ndikuyankhulana kwa fiber: ndemanga

Njira za Optical multiplexing ndi mutu wofufuza mwachangu, ndipo akatswiri padziko lonse lapansi akuchita kafukufuku wozama pankhaniyi. Kwa zaka zambiri, matekinoloje ambiri a multiplex monga wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), mode division multiplexing (MDM), space division multiplexing (SDM), polarization multiplexing (PDM) ndi orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) aperekedwa. Ukadaulo wa Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) umathandizira kuti zizindikilo ziwiri kapena zingapo zowoneka bwino za mafunde osiyanasiyana azipatsirana panthawi imodzi kudzera mu ulusi umodzi, kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira mawonekedwe otsika a fiber mumtundu waukulu wavelength. Mfundoyi idaperekedwa koyamba ndi Delange mu 1970, ndipo mpaka 1977 kuti kafukufuku wofunikira waukadaulo wa WDM adayamba, womwe udayang'ana kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde olumikizirana. Kuyambira pamenepo, ndi mosalekeza chitukuko chakuwala CHIKWANGWANI, gwero lowala, Photodetectorndi madera ena, kufufuza kwa anthu kwa teknoloji ya WDM kwawonjezekanso. Ubwino wa polarization multiplexing (PDM) ndikuti kuchuluka kwa kufalikira kwa ma siginecha kumatha kuchulukitsidwa, chifukwa zizindikilo ziwiri zodziyimira zitha kugawidwa pagawo la orthogonal polarization la kuwala komweko, ndipo njira ziwiri za polarization zimasiyanitsidwa ndikudziwikiratu pawokha. kulandira mapeto.

Pamene kufunikira kwa ma data apamwamba kukukulirakulirabe, gawo lomaliza la ufulu wa multiplexing, danga, laphunziridwa mozama pazaka khumi zapitazi. Pakati pawo, ma mode division multiplexing (MDM) amapangidwa makamaka ndi ma transmitters a N, omwe amazindikiridwa ndi multiplexer mode multiplexer. Potsirizira pake, chizindikiro chothandizidwa ndi malo opangira malo chimatumizidwa ku fiber yotsika. Panthawi yofalitsa ma siginecha, mitundu yonse pautali womwewo imatengedwa ngati gawo la njira yayikulu ya Space Division multiplexing (SDM), mwachitsanzo, amakulitsidwa, kuchepetsedwa ndikuwonjezedwa nthawi imodzi, osatha kukwaniritsa njira yosiyana. Mu MDM, ma contour osiyanasiyana (ndiko kuti, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana) amaperekedwa kumayendedwe osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, tchanelo chimatumizidwa pamtengo wa laser womwe umapangidwa ngati makona atatu, masikweya, kapena bwalo. Maonekedwe ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi MDM muzochitika zenizeni padziko lapansi ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera a masamu ndi thupi. Tekinolojeyi mosakayikira ndiyomwe yasinthitsa kwambiri kufalitsa kwa data ya fiber optic kuyambira 1980s. Tekinoloje ya MDM imapereka njira yatsopano yogwiritsira ntchito njira zambiri ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zamalumikizidwe pogwiritsa ntchito chonyamulira chimodzi cha wavelength. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa mafunde a electromagnetic momwe njira yofalitsira imatsimikiziridwa ndi helical phase wavefront. Popeza mbaliyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukhazikitsa njira zingapo zosiyana, opanda zingwe orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) amatha kuonjezera bwino ma transmissions apamwamba-to-point transmissions (monga wireless backhaul kapena kutsogolo).