Ukadaulo watsopano wa chowunikira chopyapyala cha silicon

Ukadaulo watsopano wachowunikira chithunzi cha silicon choonda
Kapangidwe ka photon capture kamagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kuyamwa kwa kuwala mu zoonda.zida zowunikira zithunzi za silicon
Makina a Photonic akutchuka kwambiri m'mapulogalamu ambiri atsopano, kuphatikizapo kulumikizana kwa maso, kuzindikira kwa liDAR, ndi kujambula zithunzi zachipatala. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ma photonics m'njira zamakono zamtsogolo kumadalira mtengo wopangira.ma photodetectors, zomwe zimadalira kwambiri mtundu wa semiconductor yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa cholinga chimenecho.
Mwachikhalidwe, silicon (Si) yakhala semiconductor yodziwika bwino kwambiri mumakampani amagetsi, kotero kuti mafakitale ambiri akukula mozungulira izi. Mwatsoka, Si ili ndi mphamvu yofooka yoyamwa kuwala mu near infrared (NIR) spectrum poyerekeza ndi ma semiconductor ena monga gallium arsenide (GaAs). Chifukwa cha izi, GaAs ndi ma alloys ena ofanana akuchulukirachulukira mu ntchito za photonic koma sizigwirizana ndi njira zachikhalidwe zophatikizira zitsulo-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zamagetsi ambiri. Izi zidapangitsa kuti ndalama zopangira zinthu ziwonjezeke kwambiri.
Ofufuza apanga njira yowonjezera kuyamwa kwa silicon pafupi ndi infrared, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepetsa ndalama pazida zojambulira zithunzi zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino, ndipo gulu lofufuza la UC Davis likuyamba njira yatsopano yowongolera kuyamwa kwa kuwala mu mafilimu opyapyala a silicon. Mu pepala lawo laposachedwa ku Advanced Photonics Nexus, akuwonetsa koyamba chiwonetsero choyesera cha chojambulira zithunzi chochokera ku silicon chokhala ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono kogwira kuwala - ndi nano-surface, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito asachitikepo mofanana ndi a GaAs ndi ma semiconductor ena a gulu la III-V. Chojambulira zithunzicho chimakhala ndi mbale ya silicon yolimba ngati micron yomwe imayikidwa pa substrate yoteteza, yokhala ndi "zala" zachitsulo zomwe zimatambasuka ngati foloko kuchokera kuchitsulo cholumikizira pamwamba pa mbaleyo. Chofunika kwambiri, silicon yotupa imadzazidwa ndi mabowo ozungulira omwe amakonzedwa mwanjira yokhazikika yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati malo ojambulira zithunzi. Kapangidwe konse ka chipangizocho kamapangitsa kuti kuwala komwe kumachitika nthawi zambiri kupendeke pafupifupi 90° kukafika pamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufalikira mozungulira pa ndege ya Si. Njira zofalitsira mbali zimenezi zimawonjezera kutalika kwa ulendo wa kuwala ndikuchepetsa liwiro lake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwala kugwirizane kwambiri ndi kuwalako motero kumawonjezera kuyamwa kwa kuwalako.
Ofufuzawo adachitanso zoyeserera za kuwala ndi kusanthula kwa chiphunzitso kuti amvetse bwino zotsatira za kapangidwe ka kujambula kwa photon, ndipo adachita zoyeserera zingapo poyerekeza zowunikira zithunzi zomwe zili nazo komanso zomwe sizili nazo. Adapeza kuti kujambula kwa photon kudapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwakukulu pakuyamwa kwa broadband mu NIR spectrum, kukhalabe pamwamba pa 68% ndi chiwongola dzanja cha 86%. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mu near infrared band, coefficient ya kuyamwa kwa photon capture photodetector ndi yayikulu kangapo kuposa ya silicon wamba, yoposa gallium arsenide. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale kapangidwe kameneka ndi ka 1μm silicon plates wandiweyani, zoyeserera za mafilimu a silicon a 30 nm ndi 100 nm omwe amagwirizana ndi zamagetsi a CMOS zikuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito ofanana.
Ponseponse, zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikuwonetsa njira yabwino yowonjezerera magwiridwe antchito a zida zowunikira zithunzi zochokera ku silicon mu ntchito zatsopano za photonics. Kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kumatha kuchitika ngakhale m'zigawo zoonda kwambiri za silicon, ndipo mphamvu ya parasitic ya dera ikhoza kukhala yotsika, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri m'makina othamanga kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yomwe ikuperekedwayi ikugwirizana ndi njira zamakono zopangira CMOS ndipo motero ili ndi kuthekera kosintha momwe ma optoelectronics amaphatikizidwira m'mabwalo achikhalidwe. Izi, zitha kuyambitsa njira yopita patsogolo kwambiri m'maukonde apakompyuta otsika mtengo komanso ukadaulo wojambula zithunzi.