Makhalidwe ofunikira a laser gain medium

Kodi zinthu zazikulu za laser gain media ndi ziti?

Laser gain sing'anga, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti laser working substance, imatanthawuza dongosolo lazinthu lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti tikwaniritse kusintha kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikupanga ma radiation olimbikitsa kuti akwaniritse kukulitsa kuwala. Ndilo gawo lalikulu la laser, lomwe limanyamula maatomu ambiri kapena mamolekyu ambiri, ma atomu awa kapena mamolekyu omwe amakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu yakunja, amatha kusintha kupita kudziko losangalala, komanso kudzera m'mawonekedwe osangalatsa a ma radiation omwe amamasulidwa, motero kupangakuwala kwa laser. Makina opangira laser amatha kukhala olimba, amadzimadzi, gasi kapena semiconductor.
Mu ma lasers olimba, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amapeza ma kristalo opangidwa ndi ayoni osowa padziko lapansi kapena ma ayoni achitsulo osinthika, monga Nd: YAG makhiristo, Nd: YVO4 makhiristo, ndi zina zambiri. Ma lasers a gasi amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya ngati sing'anga yopezera phindu, monga mpweya wa carbon dioxide mu ma lasers a carbon dioxide, ndi helium ndi neon gasi mu ma lasers a helium-neon.Semiconductor lasersgwiritsani ntchito zida za semiconductor monga njira yopezera phindu, monga gallium arsenide (GaAs).
Makhalidwe akuluakulu a laser gain medium ndi awa:
Kapangidwe ka mulingo wa mphamvu: Ma atomu kapena mamolekyu omwe ali mu gawo lopeza mphamvu amafunika kukhala ndi mphamvu yokwanira kuti akwaniritse kusintha kwa chiwerengero cha anthu chifukwa cha kutengeka kwa mphamvu zakunja. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza kuti kusiyana kwa mphamvu pakati pa mphamvu zapamwamba ndi zotsika zimafunikira kuti zigwirizane ndi mphamvu ya photon ya utali winawake wa kutalika kwake.

Zosintha: Ma atomu kapena mamolekyu omwe ali m'malo okondwa amayenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika akusintha kuti atulutse ma photon ogwirizana panthawi yosangalala. Izi zimafuna kuti phindu lapakati likhale ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kutaya kochepa.
Kukhazikika kwamafuta ndi mphamvu zamakina: Pazogwiritsa ntchito, sing'anga yopeza imayenera kupirira kuwala kwapampu yamphamvu ndi kutulutsa kwa laser, kotero kumafunika kukhala ndi kukhazikika kwamafuta ndi mphamvu zamakina.
Ubwino wa kuwala: Kuwoneka bwino kwa njira yopezera phindu ndikofunikira pakuchita kwa laser. Iyenera kukhala ndi ma transmittance apamwamba komanso kutayika kochepa kobalalika kuti zitsimikizire mtundu ndi kukhazikika kwa mtengo wa laser. Kusankhidwa kwa laser gain medium kumadalira zofunikira za ntchitolaser, kutalika kwa kutalika kwa ntchito, mphamvu zotulutsa ndi zinthu zina. Mwa kukhathamiritsa zakuthupi ndi mawonekedwe a sing'anga yopindula, magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a laser amatha kupititsidwa patsogolo.