Kuyambitsa "Moyo" wa ma laser olimba

Kuyambitsa "Moyo" wa ma laser olimba

Zoyambiralaser yolimbazipangizo

Pakati pa laser iliyonse ndi chinthu chogwira ntchito cha laser, komanso chinthu chogwira ntchito cha boma lolimbalaserkwenikweni ndi yolimba. Ma laser ambiri olimba amapangidwa ndi ma crystal matrices ndi ma atomu kapena ma ayoni opangidwa ndi laser, pomwe ma amorphous (galasi) matrices ndi osowa kwambiri. Kukula kwaposachedwa kwa ukadaulo wokonzekera zadothi kukuyembekezeka kukulitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za laser zotsika mtengo komanso zapamwamba, zomwe zingapangidwe mu kukula kwakukulu kuposa kwa zipangizo za kristalo.

Zipangizo za laser zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri

Ruby: Kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndi chromium-doped aluminum oxide (Cr:Al₂O₃). Ma rubi opangidwa ali ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala kofanana ndi ma rubi amtengo wapatali, koma ndi oyera kwambiri komanso abwino. Amaoneka ngati pinki ndipo ali ndi mafunde a laser a 694.3 nanometers.

2. Galasi ya aluminiyamu ya yttrium yopangidwa ndi Neodymium (Nd:YAG): Krustalo yopangidwa, yokhala ndi mafunde a laser a nanometer 1064, ndi ya kuwala kwapafupi ndi infrared ndipo siiwoneka konse komanso siyotetezeka kwa maso. Nd:YAG pakadali pano ndi chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri cha laser, choposa ruby. Chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti malire ake a laser ndi otsika, ndipo amatha kupeza mphamvu yotulutsa yambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yomweyo yolowera.

3. Neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO₄) Kawirikawiri imatchedwa "vanadate", yakhala chinthu chomwe chimakondedwa kwambiri pa ma lasers amphamvu otsika mpaka apakati (mpaka ma watt angapo) a diode-pumped solid-state lasers chifukwa cha gawo lake lalikulu lolimbikitsa kutulutsa mpweya, malire otsika a laser komanso mawonekedwe ake otulutsa omwe ali ndi polarized. Ma wavelength ogwiritsira ntchito ndi 1064 nanometers ndi 1340 nanometers, ndipo ikawirikiza kawiri pafupipafupi, imatha kutulutsa ma lasers okhala ndi ma wavelength a 532 nanometers ndi 670 nanometers.

4. Galasi Lopangidwa ndi Neodymium (Nd:Glasi): Pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lopanda mawonekedwe ngati matrix, mphamvu zake za laser ndizofanana ndi za Nd:YAG. Vuto lake lalikulu ndilakuti kutentha kwake kumakhala kochepa, 1/10 yokha ya kristalo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuzizire kukhale kovuta mukamagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Komabe, ubwino wake uli m'chakuti lingapangidwe kukhala laser media yokhala ndi mainchesi opitilira phazi limodzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuwongolera mphamvu moyenera, kupewa kuwonongeka kwa zigawo za kuwala mu mulingo wa kilojoule.laser yozungulira, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika.

Zipangizo zina zofunika kwambiri za laser, zipangizo zopangidwa ndi erbium: kuphatikizapo garnet ya yttrium aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi erbium (Er:YAG, kutalika kwa mafunde otuluka 2940 nanometers) ndi Galasi lopangidwa ndi erbium (Er:Glass, kutalika kwa mafunde otuluka 1540 nanometers). Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi Holmium: kuphatikizapo holmium yopangidwa ndi yttrium aluminiyamu garnet (Ho:YAG), holmium yopangidwa ndi lithiamu yttrium fluoride (Ho:YLF), ndi holmium yopangidwa ndi Glass (Ho:galasi, kutalika kwa mafunde otuluka 2000 mpaka 2100 nanometers). Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi Thulium: kuphatikizapo thulium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Tm:YAG), thulium-doped lutetium aluminium garnet (Tm:LuAG), ndi thulium-holmium co-doped lithium yttrium fluoride (Tm,Ho:YLF, kutalika kwa mafunde otuluka 2000 mpaka 2030 nanometers). Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi Ytterbium: monga ytterbium-doped potassium gadolinium tungstate (Yb:KGW, kutalika kwa mafunde otuluka 1025 mpaka 1045 nanometers). Alexandrite (kutalika kwa mafunde otuluka 655 mpaka 815 nanometers). Titanium-doped Sapphire (Ti:Sapphire, kutalika kwa mafunde otuluka 840 mpaka 1100 nanometers)