Yambitsani modulator ya silicon photonic Mach-Zehnder MZM modulator

Yambitsani modulator ya silicon photonic Mach-ZehnderMZM modulator

Mach-Zehnder modulator ndiye gawo lofunika kwambiri kumapeto kwa transmitter mu ma module a silicon photonic a 400G/800G. Pakadali pano, pali mitundu iwiri ya ma modulator kumapeto kwa transmitter ya ma module a silicon photonic opangidwa ndi anthu ambiri: Mtundu umodzi ndi PAM4 modulator yozikidwa pa single-channel 100Gbps working mode, yomwe imakwaniritsa kutumiza deta ya 800Gbps kudzera mu njira yofanana ya 4-channel / 8-channel ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo osungira deta ndi Gpus. Zachidziwikire, single-channel 200Gbps silicon photonics Mach-Zender modulator yomwe idzapikisana ndi EML pambuyo pa kupanga kwakukulu pa 100Gbps siyenera kukhala patali. Mtundu wachiwiri ndiChowongolera cha IQKugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizirana yakutali yolumikizana ndi kuwala. Kumira kogwirizana komwe kwatchulidwa pano kukutanthauza mtunda wotumizira ma module optical kuyambira makilomita zikwizikwi mu netiweki ya msana wa mzinda mpaka ma module optical a ZR kuyambira makilomita 80 mpaka 120, komanso mpaka ma module optical a LR kuyambira makilomita 10 mtsogolo.

Mfundo ya liwiro lalikuluma modulators a siliconingagawidwe m'magawo awiri: magetsi ndi magetsi.

Gawo la kuwala: Mfundo yaikulu ndi Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Kuwala kwa kuwala kumadutsa mu 50-50 beam splitter ndipo kumakhala kuwala kwamphamvu kofanana, komwe kumapitilira kufalikira m'manja awiri a modulator. Pogwiritsa ntchito gawo lolamulira pa mkono umodzi (ndiko kuti, refractive index ya silicon imasinthidwa ndi chotenthetsera kuti isinthe liwiro la kufalikira kwa mkono umodzi), kuphatikiza komaliza kwa kuwala kumachitika potuluka manja onse awiri. Kutalika kwa gawo losokoneza (komwe nsonga za manja onse awiri zimafika nthawi imodzi) ndi kuletsa kusokoneza (komwe kusiyana kwa gawo kuli 90° ndipo nsonga zili moyang'anizana ndi ma troughs) kungapezeke mwa kusokoneza, motero kusintha mphamvu ya kuwala (komwe kungamveke ngati 1 ndi 0 mu zizindikiro za digito). Uku ndi kumvetsetsa kosavuta komanso njira yowongolera malo ogwirira ntchito pantchito yothandiza. Mwachitsanzo, polumikizana ndi deta, timagwira ntchito pamalo otsika a 3dB kuposa nsonga, ndipo polumikizana kogwirizana, timagwira ntchito pamalo opanda kuwala. Komabe, njira iyi yowongolera kusiyana kwa gawo kudzera mu kutentha ndi kugawa kutentha kuti muwongolere chizindikiro chotulutsa imatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri ndipo siyingakwaniritse zomwe tikufuna pakutumiza 100Gpbs pa sekondi imodzi. Chifukwa chake, tiyenera kupeza njira yopezera liwiro la kusintha kwa liwiro mwachangu.

Gawo lamagetsi makamaka limapangidwa ndi gawo la PN junction lomwe liyenera kusintha refractive index pa high frequency, ndi traveling wave electrode structure yomwe ikugwirizana ndi liwiro la chizindikiro chamagetsi ndi chizindikiro cha kuwala. Mfundo yosinthira refractive index ndi plasma dispersion effect, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti free carrier dispersion effect. Imatanthauza mphamvu ya thupi yomwe pamene kuchuluka kwa ma free carriers mu semiconductor material kusintha, magawo enieni ndi ongopeka a refractive index ya chinthucho amasinthanso moyenerera. Pamene kuchuluka kwa carrier mu semiconductor materials kumawonjezeka, absorption coefficient ya material imawonjezeka pomwe gawo lenileni la refractive index limachepa. Mofananamo, pamene ma semiconductor mu semiconductor materials amachepa, absorption coefficient imachepa pomwe gawo lenileni la refractive index limawonjezeka. Ndi zotsatira zotere, mu ntchito zothandiza, kusintha kwa ma high-frequency signals kumatha kuchitika powongolera chiwerengero cha ma transmission waveguide. Pomaliza pake, ma signal 0 ndi 1 amawonekera pamalo otulutsa, kukweza ma high-speed electrical signals pa amplitude of the light effect. Njira yokwaniritsira izi ndi kudzera mu PN junction. Zonyamula zaulere za silicon yoyera ndi zochepa kwambiri, ndipo kusintha kwa kuchuluka sikukwanira kukwaniritsa kusintha kwa refractive index. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera maziko a carrier mu transmission waveguide mwa kugwiritsa ntchito doping silicon kuti mukwaniritse kusintha kwa refractive index, potero kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa liwiro.