Rekodi yakuda ya silicon photodetector: magwiridwe antchito akunja mpaka 132%

Silicon wakudaPhotodetectormbiri: kuchuluka kwakunja kwakunja mpaka 132%

Malinga ndi malipoti atolankhani, ofufuza ku Yunivesite ya Aalto apanga chipangizo cha optoelectronic chokhala ndi mphamvu yakunja yofikira 132%. Zokayikitsa izi zidatheka pogwiritsa ntchito silicon yakuda ya nanostructured, yomwe ingakhale yopambana kwambiri pama cell a solar ndi zina.ma photodetectors. Ngati chipangizo chongoyerekeza cha photovoltaic chili ndi mphamvu ya kunja kwa 100 peresenti, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti photon iliyonse yomwe imagunda imapanga electron, yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa ngati magetsi kupyolera mu dera.

Ndipo chipangizo chatsopanochi sichimangokwaniritsa 100 peresenti, koma kuposa 100 peresenti. 132% amatanthauza pafupifupi ma electron 1.32 pa photon. Imagwiritsa ntchito silicon yakuda ngati chinthu chogwira ntchito ndipo imakhala ndi cone ndi columnar nanostructure yomwe imatha kuyamwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet.

Mwachiwonekere simungathe kupanga ma elekitironi owonjezera 0,32 kuchokera mumpweya wopyapyala, pambuyo pa zonse, fizikiya imanena kuti mphamvu sizingapangidwe kuchokera mumpweya woonda, ndiye kuti ma elekitironi owonjezerawa amachokera kuti?

Zonse zimabwera ku mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo za photovoltaic. Pamene photon ya kuwala kwa chochitikacho igunda chinthu chogwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri silicon, imagwetsa electron mu imodzi mwa maatomu. Koma nthawi zina, photon yamphamvu kwambiri imatha kugwetsa ma electron awiri popanda kuphwanya malamulo aliwonse a physics.

Sitikukayikira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chodabwitsa ichi kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri pokonza mapangidwe a maselo a dzuwa. Muzinthu zambiri za optoelectronic, mphamvu zowonongeka zimatayika m'njira zingapo, kuphatikizapo pamene ma photon akuwonekera kuchokera ku chipangizo kapena ma electron amalumikizananso ndi "mabowo" otsala mu maatomu asanasonkhanitsidwe ndi dera.

Koma gulu la Aalto lati lachotsa kwambiri zopingazi. Silicon yakuda imatenga ma photon ochulukirapo kuposa zida zina, ndipo ma tapered ndi columnar nanostructures amachepetsa kuphatikizika kwa ma elekitironi pamwamba pa zinthuzo.

Ponseponse, kupita patsogolo kumeneku kwapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito akunja kwa chipangizocho afike 130%. Zotsatira za gululi zatsimikiziridwa modziyimira pawokha ndi National Metrology Institute yaku Germany, PTB (German Federal Institute of Physics).

Malinga ndi ochita kafukufuku, kujambula bwino kumeneku kungathe kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya photodetector iliyonse, kuphatikizapo maselo a dzuwa ndi zowunikira zina, ndipo chowunikira chatsopano chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale pa malonda.