Chojambulira chakuda cha silicon photodetector: mphamvu yakunja ya quantum mpaka 132%

Silikoni wakudachowunikira zithunzimbiri: mphamvu yakunja ya quantum mpaka 132%

Malinga ndi malipoti a atolankhani, ofufuza ku Aalto University apanga chipangizo cha optoelectronic chomwe chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri mpaka 132%. Izi sizinali zachilendo chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito silicon yakuda yopangidwa ndi nanostructured, yomwe ingakhale chitukuko chachikulu pa maselo a dzuwa ndi zina.ma photodetectorsNgati chipangizo chongoyerekeza cha photovoltaic chili ndi mphamvu yakunja ya quantum ya 100 peresenti, zikutanthauza kuti photon iliyonse yomwe imagunda imapanga electron, yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa ngati magetsi kudzera mu circuit.

Ndipo chipangizo chatsopanochi sichimangogwira ntchito bwino 100 peresenti, komanso chimathandiza kwambiri kuposa 100 peresenti. 132% imatanthauza avareji ya ma elekitironi 1.32 pa photon iliyonse. Chimagwiritsa ntchito silikoni wakuda ngati chinthu chogwira ntchito ndipo chili ndi koni ndi kapangidwe kake ka columnar komwe kamatha kuyamwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet.

Mwachionekere simungapange ma elekitironi owonjezera 0.32 kuchokera mu mpweya wochepa, chifukwa chake, fizikisi imati mphamvu sizingapangidwe kuchokera mu mpweya wochepa, ndiye ma elekitironi owonjezerawa amachokera kuti?

Zonsezi zimadalira pa mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya zinthu za photovoltaic. Pamene photon ya kuwala kochitika ikagunda chinthu chogwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri silicon, imagwetsa elekitironi kuchokera mu atomu imodzi. Koma nthawi zina, photon yamphamvu kwambiri imatha kugwetsa ma elekitironi awiri popanda kuswa malamulo aliwonse a fizikisi.

Palibe kukayika kuti kugwiritsa ntchito izi kungathandize kwambiri pakukonza kapangidwe ka maselo a dzuwa. Muzinthu zambiri zamagetsi, mphamvu imatayika m'njira zingapo, kuphatikizapo pamene ma photon amawonekera pa chipangizocho kapena ma elekitironi akamalumikizananso ndi "mabowo" omwe atsala mu maatomu asanasonkhanitsidwe ndi dera.

Koma gulu la Aalto likuti lachotsa zopingazo kwambiri. Silikoni wakuda imayamwa ma photon ambiri kuposa zinthu zina, ndipo ma nanostructures ocheperako komanso okhala ndi columnar amachepetsa kuyanjananso kwa ma elekitironi pamwamba pa chinthucho.

Ponseponse, kupita patsogolo kumeneku kwathandiza kuti mphamvu yakunja ya chipangizochi ifike pa 130%. Zotsatira za gululi zatsimikiziridwanso payokha ndi bungwe la Germany's national Metrology Institute, PTB (German Federal Institute of Physics).

Malinga ndi ofufuzawo, luso lolemba mbiri limeneli likhoza kusintha magwiridwe antchito a chowunikira chilichonse cha kuwala, kuphatikizapo maselo a dzuwa ndi masensa ena a kuwala, ndipo chowunikira chatsopanochi chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale m'mabizinesi.