Bipolar two-dimensional avalanche photodetector

Bipolar awiri dimensionalPhotodetector ya avalanche

The bipolar two-dimensional avalanche photodetector (APD Photodetector) imakwaniritsa phokoso lotsika kwambiri komanso kuzindikira kwakukulu

Kuzindikira kwamphamvu kwambiri kwa ma photon ochepa kapena ma photon amodzi kumakhala ndi chiyembekezo chofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito m'magawo monga kujambula kofooka kwa kuwala, kuzindikira kwakutali ndi telemetry, ndi kulumikizana kwachulukidwe. Pakati pawo, avalanche photodetector (APD) yakhala njira yofunika kwambiri pa kafukufuku wa chipangizo cha optoelectronic chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake ang'onoang'ono, mphamvu zambiri komanso kusakanikirana kosavuta. Chiŵerengero cha signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha APD photodetector, chomwe chimafuna kupindula kwakukulu ndi kutsika kwamdima wakuda. Kafukufuku wa van der Waals heterojunctions wa zida ziwiri-dimensional (2D) akuwonetsa chiyembekezo chachikulu pakupanga ma APD ochita bwino kwambiri. Ofufuza ochokera ku China adasankha WSe₂ ngati zinthu zowoneka bwino komanso zokonzekera bwino za APD zojambulidwa ndi Pt/WSe₂/Ni zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito yofananira bwino kwambiri, kuti athetse vuto la phokoso lachidziwitso chachikhalidwe cha APD.

Gulu lofufuzalo lidaganiza zopanga chithunzi cha avalanche chotengera mawonekedwe a Pt/WSe₂/Ni, omwe adapeza kuzindikira kwamphamvu kwambiri kwa ma siginecha ofooka kwambiri pamlingo wa fW kutentha kwachipinda. Anasankha WSe₂ ya semiconductor yamitundu iwiri, yomwe ili ndi magetsi abwino kwambiri, ndikuphatikiza zida za Pt ndi Ni electrode kuti apange bwino mtundu watsopano wa avalanche photodetector. Mwa kukhathamiritsa bwino ntchito yofananira pakati pa Pt, WSe₂ ndi Ni, njira yoyendera idapangidwa yomwe imatha kuletsa zonyamulira zakuda ndikulola kuti zonyamula zithunzi zidutse. Makinawa amachepetsa kwambiri phokoso lambiri lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi ionization ya chonyamulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti photodetector ikwaniritse kuzindikira kwamphamvu kwambiri pamawu otsika kwambiri.

Kenako, pofuna kumveketsa bwino njira yomwe imapangitsa kuti chiwonongeko chichitike chifukwa cha mphamvu yamagetsi yofooka, ochita kafukufuku adawona kuti kugwirizana kwa ntchito zomwe zidapangidwa ndi zitsulo zosiyanasiyana ndi WSe₂ zimagwirizana. Zida zingapo zachitsulo-semiconductor-metal (MSM) zokhala ndi maelekitirodi achitsulo osiyanasiyana zidapangidwa ndipo mayeso oyenerera adachitidwa pa iwo. Kuphatikiza apo, pochepetsa kufalikira kwa chonyamulira chisanachitike chigumukire, kusasinthika kwa ionization kumatha kuchepetsedwa, potero kumachepetsa phokoso. Choncho, mayesero oyenerera anachitidwa. Kuti awonetserenso kukula kwa Pt/WSe₂/Ni APD potengera momwe amayankhira nthawi, ofufuza adawunikanso -3 dB bandwidth ya chipangizocho pansi pamitengo yosiyana ya photoelectric.

Zotsatira zoyeserera zikuwonetsa kuti chowunikira cha Pt/WSe₂/Ni chimawonetsa mphamvu yotsika kwambiri yofanana ndi phokoso (NEP) pa kutentha kwachipinda, komwe kuli 8.07 fW/√Hz kokha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chowunikiracho chimatha kuzindikira zizindikiro zofooka kwambiri za kuwala. Kuphatikiza apo, chipangizochi chimatha kugwira ntchito mokhazikika pama frequency osinthika a 20 kHz ndi kupindula kwakukulu kwa 5 × 10⁵, kuthetsa bwino botolo laukadaulo la zowunikira zachikhalidwe za photovoltaic zomwe zimakhala zovuta kulinganiza kupindula kwakukulu ndi bandwidth. Izi zikuyembekezeredwa kuti zizipereka zabwino kwambiri pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira phindu lalikulu komanso phokoso lochepa.

Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa gawo lofunikira la uinjiniya wazinthu komanso kukhathamiritsa kwa mawonekedwe pakupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ama photodetectors. Kupyolera mu kupanga mwanzeru kwa maelekitirodi ndi zipangizo ziwiri-dimensional, chitetezo cha zonyamulira zakuda zatheka, kuchepetsa kwambiri kusokoneza phokoso ndikupititsa patsogolo kuzindikira.

Magwiridwe a chowunikira ichi samangowonekera mu mawonekedwe a photoelectric, komanso ali ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito. Ndi kutsekereza kwake kwamphamvu kwa mdima pa kutentha kwa chipinda komanso kuyamwa bwino kwa zonyamulira zojambulidwa, chojambulirachi ndichoyenera kuzindikira ma siginecha ofooka m'magawo monga kuwunika kwachilengedwe, kuyang'ana zakuthambo, ndi kulumikizana ndi kuwala. Kupambana kofufuza kumeneku sikumangopereka malingaliro atsopano opangira ma photodetectors otsika, komanso amapereka maumboni atsopano a kafukufuku wamtsogolo ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito kwambiri komanso zotsika mphamvu za optoelectronic.