Kufotokozera mwachidule za avalanche photodiode

Kufotokozera mwachidule zachiphalaphala cha phiri la photodiode
Chiphalaphala cha dzuwa (avalanche photodiode) ndi chipangizo cha semiconductor chomwe chimasintha kuwala kukhala zizindikiro zamagetsi kudzera mu mphamvu ya photovoltaic. Mosiyana ndi njira yachikhalidwe, kuwalako kumasintha kuwala kukhala zizindikiro zamagetsi.ma photodiode, APD idapangidwa kuti igwire ntchito pansi pa ma voltage apamwamba a reverse bias pafupi ndi voltage yosweka, motero imapangitsa kuti photocurrent ichuluke mkati mwa mphamvu ya avalanche breakdown. Poyerekeza ndi ma photodiode wamba, njira iyi yopezera mphamvu mkati imalola APD kuti igwire ntchito.Chowunikira zithunzikuwala kochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiŵerengero cha chizindikiro ndi phokoso chiwonjezeke kwambiri.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro ogwira ntchito,Chowunikira Chithunzi cha APDakhoza kuonedwa ngati semiconductor analogue ya machubu ochulukitsa ma photo (PMTs), ngakhale kuti mfundo zawo zogwirira ntchito ndizosiyana. Poyerekeza ndi ukadaulo wina wozindikira ma photoelectric monga ma PMT, APD ili ndi zabwino zingapo. Sizikhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mphamvu zamaginito, zimapereka mphamvu zambiri za quantum pazizindikiro zolowera, ndipo zimafuna ma voltage ochepa ogwirira ntchito. Komanso, poyerekeza ndi njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito machubu, APD Photodetector nthawi zambiri imakhala yolimba kwambiri komanso yotsika mtengo.
Photodiode ya avalanche ikuyimira ukadaulo wofunikira kwambiri mu ma optoelectronics amakono, kutseka kusiyana pakati pa ma photodiode achikhalidwe ndi machubu ochulukitsa zithunzi. Amatha kupereka phindu lamkati kudzera mu zotsatira za avalanche, zomwe zimathandiza kuzindikira kukhudzidwa kwakukulu pamene akusunga kulimba ndi kuphweka kwa zida za semiconductor. Kukula kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wa APD, kuphatikiza kupita patsogolo kwa zipangizo, kapangidwe ka kapangidwe kake, ndi njira zogwirira ntchito, kukukulitsa magwiridwe antchito ake ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa muzinthu zopangira bandwidth ya gain, mapangidwe apadera amitundu inayake ya wavelength, ndi kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a phokoso kukukankhira malire a zidazi. Pamene kafukufuku akupita patsogolo, titha kuyembekezera kukonzedwanso kwina kwa ukadaulo wa APD Photodetector, makamaka m'malo monga kuchepetsa phokoso, kuwonjezera bandwidth, kusintha kukhudzidwa, ndikukulitsa kufalikira. Izi zipitiliza kupanga APD kukhala gawo lofunikira kwambiri m'magawo okhwima monga kulumikizana ndi mafoni ndi m'malo omwe akutukuka monga ukadaulo wa quantum, machitidwe odziyimira pawokha, ndi zida zapamwamba zasayansi.

Chowonera kuwala cha avalanche (APD Photodetector) chikuyimira kupita patsogolo kwakukulu muukadaulo wozindikira kuwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chothandiza kwambiri komanso chothandiza kwambiri pakuzindikira kuwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito magetsi omwe amafunikira kuzindikira kuwala kofooka.