ROF-AM 850nm lifiyamu niobate kuwala kwambiri modulator imagwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira pulotoni, yomwe imakhala ndi kutayika kochepa, bandwidth yayikulu, voteji yotsika, ndi mawonekedwe ena, makamaka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yolumikizirana mlengalenga, nthawi yoyambira ya cesium atomiki. , zida zopangira ma pulse, quantum Optics, ndi magawo ena.
Imagwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira ma protoni apamwamba, omwe amatayika pang'ono kuyika, bandwidth yayikulu yosinthira, magetsi otsika a theka la wave, ndi mawonekedwe ena, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikizirana mlengalenga, cesium atomic time base, zida zopangira pulse, quantum optics, ndi zina. .