Njira yophatikizira ya Optoelectronic

Zithunzi za Optoelectronicnjira yolumikizira

Kuphatikiza kwazithunzindi zamagetsi ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera luso la machitidwe opangira zidziwitso, kupangitsa kuti kusamutsa deta mwachangu, kutsika kwamphamvu kwamagetsi ndi mapangidwe a zida zophatikizika, ndikutsegulira mwayi watsopano wokonza makina. Njira zophatikizira nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kuphatikiza kwa monolithic ndi kuphatikiza kwamitundu yambiri.

Kuphatikiza kwa monolithic
Kuphatikiza kwa monolithic kumaphatikizapo kupanga zida za photonic ndi zamagetsi pagawo lomwelo, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zida ndi njira zomwe zimagwirizana. Njirayi imayang'ana pakupanga mawonekedwe osasunthika pakati pa kuwala ndi magetsi mkati mwa chip chimodzi.
Ubwino:
1. Kuchepetsa kutayika kwa kugwirizana: Kuyika ma photon ndi zipangizo zamagetsi pafupi kwambiri kumachepetsa kutayika kwa zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwirizana kwa off-chip.
2, Kuchita bwino: Kuphatikizika kolimba kungayambitse kuthamanga kwa data mwachangu chifukwa cha njira zazifupi zazizindikiro komanso kuchepa kwa latency.
3, Kukula kwakung'ono: Kuphatikiza kwa monolithic kumalola zida zophatikizika kwambiri, zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito malo opanda malo, monga malo opangira data kapena zida zam'manja.
4, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu: kuthetsa kufunikira kwa mapaketi osiyana ndi zolumikizira mtunda wautali, zomwe zingachepetse kwambiri mphamvu zamagetsi.
Chovuta:
1) Kugwirizana kwazinthu: Kupeza zida zomwe zimathandizira ma elekitironi apamwamba kwambiri komanso ntchito zamafotoko kungakhale kovuta chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimafunikira zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
2, kuyanjana kwazinthu: Kuphatikiza njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira zamagetsi ndi mafotoni pagawo lomwelo popanda kuwononga magwiridwe antchito amtundu uliwonse ndi ntchito yovuta.
4, Kupanga kovutirapo: Kulondola kwambiri komwe kumafunikira pamagetsi ndi ma photononic kumawonjezera zovuta komanso mtengo wopangira.

Kuphatikiza kwamitundu yambiri
Njirayi imalola kusinthasintha kwakukulu pakusankha zipangizo ndi njira za ntchito iliyonse. Pakuphatikizana uku, zida zamagetsi ndi photonic zimachokera ku njira zosiyanasiyana ndipo kenako zimasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi ndikuyikidwa pa phukusi wamba kapena gawo lapansi (Chithunzi 1). Tsopano tiyeni titchule mitundu yolumikizana pakati pa tchipisi ta optoelectronic. Kulumikizana kwachindunji: Njira iyi imaphatikizapo kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi kulumikizana kwa malo awiri ozungulira, nthawi zambiri motsogozedwa ndi mphamvu zomangira ma molekyulu, kutentha, ndi kukakamiza. Ili ndi mwayi wosavuta komanso wolumikizana pang'onopang'ono, koma imafunikira malo ogwirizana komanso aukhondo. Kuphatikizika kwa ulusi / grating: Pachiwembu ichi, ulusi kapena ulusi wamtundu umalumikizidwa ndikumangirira pamphepete kapena pamwamba pa chip photonic, kulola kuti kuwala kuphatikizidwe mkati ndi kunja kwa chip. Grating itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito polumikizana moyimirira, kuwongolera mphamvu ya kufalikira kwa kuwala pakati pa photonic chip ndi ulusi wakunja. Kupyolera mu ma-silicon holes (TSVs) ndi ma-micro-bumps: Mabowo a silicon amalumikizana moyimirira kudzera pagawo la silicon, kulola kuti tchipisi tidulidwe mumiyeso itatu. Kuphatikizidwa ndi ma micro-convex point, amathandizira kukwaniritsa kulumikizana kwamagetsi pakati pa tchipisi tamagetsi ndi ma photonic mumasinthidwe okhazikika, oyenera kuphatikiza kachulukidwe kake. Optical intermediary layer: The Optical intermediary layer ndi gawo lapadera lomwe lili ndi ma waveguides optical omwe amagwira ntchito ngati mkhalapakati wowongolera ma siginecha pakati pa tchipisi. Zimalola kuwongolera bwino, komanso kungokhala chetekuwala zigawoikhoza kuphatikizidwa kuti iwonjezere kusinthasintha kwa kulumikizana. Kulumikizana kwa Hybrid: Ukadaulo wotsogola wotsogola umaphatikiza ukadaulo wolumikizana mwachindunji ndi ukadaulo wa micro-bump kuti ukwaniritse kulumikizana kwamphamvu kwamagetsi pakati pa tchipisi ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri. Zimalonjeza makamaka pakuphatikizana kwapamwamba kwa optoelectronic. Solder bump bonding: Mofanana ndi flip chip bonding, mabampu a solder amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga magetsi. Komabe, pokhudzana ndi kuphatikiza kwa optoelectronic, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa kuti tipewe kuwonongeka kwa zigawo za photonic zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa kutentha ndi kusunga mawonekedwe a kuwala.

Chithunzi 1: : Electron/photon chip-to-chip Bonding scheme

Ubwino wa njirazi ndi wofunikira: Pamene dziko la CMOS likupitilizabe kutsata kusintha kwa Chilamulo cha Moore, zitheka kusintha mwachangu m'badwo uliwonse wa CMOS kapena Bi-CMOS ku chipangizo chotsika mtengo cha silicon photonic, ndikupindula ndi njira zabwino kwambiri. photonics ndi zamagetsi. Chifukwa ma photonic nthawi zambiri safuna kupanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono (miyeso yayikulu pafupifupi 100 nanometers ndi yofananira) ndipo zida ndi zazikulu poyerekeza ndi ma transistors, malingaliro azachuma amatha kukankhira zida zamafoto kuti zipangidwe mwanjira ina, zolekanitsidwa ndi zotsogola zilizonse. zamagetsi zomwe zimafunikira pomaliza.
Ubwino:
1, kusinthasintha: Zida ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha kuti mukwaniritse bwino kwambiri zida zamagetsi ndi zithunzi.
2, kukhwima kwa ndondomeko: kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira okhwima pagawo lililonse kungapangitse kupanga ndi kuchepetsa ndalama.
3, Kuwongolera kosavuta ndi kukonza: Kupatukana kwa zigawo kumapangitsa kuti zigawo zamagulu zisinthidwe kapena kusinthidwa mosavuta popanda kukhudza dongosolo lonse.
Chovuta:
1, kutayika kolumikizana: Kulumikizana kwa off-chip kumabweretsa kutayika kowonjezera kwa siginecha ndipo kungafunike njira zovuta zolumikizirana.
2, kuchulukirachulukira ndi kukula kwake: Zigawo zapayekha zimafunikira kulongedza ndi kulumikizana kowonjezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwakukulu komanso mtengo wokwera.
3, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwambiri: Njira zazitali zama siginecha ndi ma CD owonjezera zitha kuwonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi poyerekeza ndi kuphatikiza kwa monolithic.
Pomaliza:
Kusankha pakati pa kuphatikizika kwa monolithic ndi ma chip ambiri kumadalira zofunikira zenizeni za kagwiritsidwe ntchito, kuphatikiza zolinga zogwirira ntchito, zopinga za kukula, kulingalira mtengo, ndi kukhwima kwaukadaulo. Ngakhale kupanga zovuta, kuphatikiza kwa monolithic kumakhala kopindulitsa pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira miniaturization kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, komanso kutumizirana mwachangu kwa data. M'malo mwake, kuphatikiza kwa ma chip ambiri kumapereka kusinthika kokulirapo komanso kumagwiritsa ntchito luso lopanga kale, ndikupangitsa kuti likhale loyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pomwe zinthuzi zimaposa phindu la kuphatikiza kolimba. Pamene kafukufuku akupita patsogolo, njira zosakanizidwa zomwe zimaphatikizira njira zonse ziwiri zikufufuzidwanso kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa zovuta zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi njira iliyonse.