Optical amplifiers m'munda wa optical fiber communication

Optical amplifiers m'munda wa optical fiber communication

An amplifier kuwalandi chipangizo chomwe chimakulitsa zizindikiro za kuwala. Pankhani ya optical fiber communication, makamaka imagwira ntchito zotsatirazi: 1. Kupititsa patsogolo ndi kukulitsa mphamvu ya kuwala. Poyika amplifier optical kutsogolo kutsogolo kwa transmitter ya kuwala, mphamvu ya kuwala yomwe imalowa mu fiber ikhoza kuwonjezeka. 2. Kukulitsa kwapaintaneti, kulowetsa Zobwereza zomwe zilipo kale pamakina olankhulirana opangidwa ndi fiber; 3. Preamplification: Pamaso pa photodetector pamapeto olandira, chizindikiro chofooka cha kuwala chimakulitsidwa kale kuti chiwonjezere chidwi cholandira.

Pakalipano, ma amplifiers a Optical omwe amatengedwa mu Optical fiber communication makamaka akuphatikizapo mitundu iyi: 1. Semiconductor Optical amplifier (SOA Optical amplifier)/Semiconductor laser amplifier (SLA Optical amplifier); 2. Ma amplifiers osowa kwambiri padziko lapansi, monga nyambo zokulitsa ulusiEDFA Optical amplifier), etc. 3. Zopanda malire za fiber amplifiers, monga fiber Raman amplifiers, etc. Zotsatirazi ndizofotokozera mwachidule motsatira.

1.Semiconductor optical amplifiers: Pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito komanso ndi maonekedwe osiyana a nkhope, ma lasers a semiconductor amatha kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya semiconductor optical amplifiers. Ngati kuyendetsa galimoto ya laser semiconductor ndi yotsika kuposa malo ake, ndiye kuti, palibe laser yomwe imapangidwa, panthawiyi, chizindikiro cha kuwala chimalowetsedwa kumapeto. Malingana ngati mafupipafupi a chizindikiro ichi cha kuwala ali pafupi ndi spectral center of laser, adzakulitsidwa ndikutuluka kuchokera kumapeto kwina. Mtundu uwusemiconductor kuwala amplifierimatchedwa Fabry-Perrop mtundu wa amplifier optical (FP-SLA). Ngati laser ili ndi tsankho pamwamba pa khomo, chizindikiro chofooka cha single-mode Optical sign kuchokera kumalekezero amodzi, bola ngati ma frequency a siginecha awa ali mkati mwa sipekitiramu ya multimode laser iyi, chizindikiro cha kuwala chidzakulitsidwa ndikutsekedwa kunjira inayake. Mtundu woterewu umatchedwa amplifier yamtundu wa injaction-locked (IL-SLA). Ngati malekezero awiri a laser semiconductor atakutidwa ndi galasi kapena kutenthedwa ndi filimu yotsutsa-reflection, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya wake ukhale wochepa kwambiri ndipo sungathe kupanga Fabry-Perrow resonant cavity, pamene chizindikiro cha kuwala chikudutsa pagawo logwira ntchito la waveguide, chidzakulitsidwa pamene akuyenda. Choncho, mtundu uwu wa amplifier kuwala amatchedwa woyendayenda wave mtundu kuwala amplifier (TW-SLA), ndipo kapangidwe ake akuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi zotsatirazi. Chifukwa bandwidth ya mtundu woyendayenda wamtundu wa optical amplifier ndi maulamuliro atatu akulu kuposa a Fabry-Perot mtundu wa amplifier, ndipo bandwidth yake ya 3dB imatha kufika 10THz, imatha kukulitsa ma siginecha amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo ndi chowonjezera chowoneka bwino chodalirika.

2. Nyambo-doped fiber amplifier: Ili ndi magawo atatu: Yoyamba ndi ulusi wa doped wokhala ndi utali woyambira mamita angapo mpaka makumi a mamita. Zonyansa izi makamaka osowa dziko ayoni, amene kupanga laser kutsegula zakuthupi; Chachiwiri ndi gwero la mpope la laser, lomwe limapereka mphamvu zamafunde oyenerera kuti asangalatse ma ion padziko lapansi osowa kwambiri kuti akwaniritse kukulitsa kwa kuwala. Chachitatu ndi coupler, yomwe imapangitsa kuwala kwa pampu ndi kuwala kwa siginecha kuti zigwirizane ndi zida zoyambitsa ulusi. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya fiber amplifier ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi laser yolimba. Zimayambitsa kugawika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono mkati mwazinthu zoyendetsedwa ndi laser ndikupanga ma radiation olimbikitsa. Kupanga khola tinthu nambala inversion kugawa boma, oposa awiri milingo mphamvu ayenera nawo mu kuwala kusintha, amangoona atatu mlingo ndi zinayi mlingo kachitidwe, ndi mosalekeza kotunga mphamvu kuchokera mpope gwero. Kuti apereke mphamvu mogwira mtima, kutalika kwa mawonekedwe a pump photon kuyenera kukhala kwaufupi kusiyana ndi laser photon, ndiko kuti, mphamvu ya photon pump iyenera kukhala yaikulu kuposa ya laser photon. Kuphatikiza apo, phokoso la resonant limapanga mayankho abwino, motero amplifier laser imatha kupangidwa.

3. Ma amplifiers osagwirizana ndi ma fiber: Zonse ziwiri zopanda ma fiber amplifiers ndi erbium fiber amplifiers zimagwera pansi pa gulu la fiber amplifiers. Komabe, zoyambazo zimagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa quartz wopanda mzere, pomwe womaliza amagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa erbium-doped quartz kuti achitepo kanthu. Ulusi wamba wa quartz optical fibers udzapanga zotsatira zamphamvu zopanda malire pansi pa mphamvu ya mphamvu ya mpope ya mafunde oyenerera, monga stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), ndi zotsatira zosakanikirana za mafunde anayi. Pamene chizindikirocho chikufalikira pamodzi ndi kuwala kwa kuwala pamodzi ndi kuwala kwa mpope, kuwala kwa chizindikiro kumatha kukulitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, amapanga fiber Raman amplifiers (FRA), Brillouin amplifiers (FBA), ndi parametric amplifiers, onse omwe amagawira fiber amplifiers.

Mwachidule: Mayendedwe odziwika bwino a ma amplifiers onse owoneka ndi kupindula kwakukulu, mphamvu zotulutsa zambiri, komanso phokoso lochepa.