Chowunikira chithunzi cha infrared cha avalanche chotsika kwambiri

Infrared yotsika mtengochowunikira zithunzi cha chipale chofewa

Chowunikira kuwala kwa infrared avalanche (Chowunikira zithunzi cha APD) ndi gulu lazipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsizomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phindu lalikulu kudzera mu ionization effect ya kugundana, kuti athe kuzindikira ma photon ochepa kapena ma photon amodzi. Komabe, mu kapangidwe ka APD photodetector wamba, njira yofalitsira yonyamula zinthu zosafanana imabweretsa kutayika kwa mphamvu, kotero kuti voltage yoyambira ya avalanche nthawi zambiri imayenera kufika 50-200 V. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwakukulu pa drive voltage ndi readout circuit design ya chipangizocho, zomwe zimawonjezera ndalama ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu.

Posachedwapa, kafukufuku waku China wapereka lingaliro latsopano la chipangizo choyezera mafunde pafupi ndi infrared chokhala ndi mphamvu yochepa ya mafunde komanso mphamvu yayikulu. Kutengera ndi homojunction ya atomic layer, chipangizo choyezera mafunde chimathetsa kufalikira koopsa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha vuto la mawonekedwe omwe sangapeweke mu heterojunction. Pakadali pano, mphamvu yamagetsi ya "peak" yakumaloko yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kusweka kwa mafunde imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa kuyanjana kwa coulomb pakati pa zonyamulira, kuletsa kufalikira kwa mafunde a phonon omwe ali kutali ndi ndege, ndikukwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito ambiri owirikiza kawiri a zonyamulira zosagwirizana. Pa kutentha kwa chipinda, mphamvu ya mafunde ili pafupi ndi malire a chiphunzitso Mwachitsanzo (Chitsanzo ndi band gap ya semiconductor) ndipo mphamvu yozindikira ya chipangizo choyezera mafunde cha infrared ndi yofika pamlingo wa 10000 photon.

Kafukufukuyu akuchokera pa atomu-layer self-doped tungsten diselenide (WSe₂) homojunction (two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide, TMD) ngati njira yopezera phindu la mafunde onyamula magetsi. Kusweka kwa spatial translational symmetry kumachitika popanga topography step mutation kuti ipangitse mphamvu yamagetsi ya "spike" yakumaloko pa mutant homojunction interface.

Kuphatikiza apo, makulidwe a atomiki amatha kuletsa njira yobalalitsira yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi njira ya phonon, ndikuzindikira njira yofulumira komanso yochulukitsa ya chonyamulira chosafanana ndi kutayika kochepa kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya avalanche threshold pa kutentha kwa chipinda ikhale pafupi ndi malire a chiphunzitso mwachitsanzo, bandgap ya zinthu za semiconductor Mwachitsanzo. Voltage ya avalanche threshold inachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 50 V kufika pa 1.6 V, zomwe zinalola ofufuza kugwiritsa ntchito ma circuits a digito okhwima otsika kuti ayendetse avalanche.chowunikira zithunzikomanso ma drive diode ndi ma transistors. Kafukufukuyu akuzindikira kusintha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu zonyamula zinthu zopanda equilibrium kudzera mu kapangidwe ka low threshold avalanche multiplication effect, zomwe zimapereka lingaliro latsopano la chitukuko cha m'badwo wotsatira wa ukadaulo wozindikira infrared wa infrared womwe umakhala wovuta kwambiri, wotsika kwambiri komanso wopeza bwino kwambiri.