Sinthani kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwambiri ya laser ultrashort

Sinthani kuthamanga kwa pulsewapamwamba-amphamvu kwambiri ultrashort laser

Ma laser aafupi kwambiri nthawi zambiri amatanthawuza ma pulse a laser okhala ndi makulidwe a makumi ndi mazana a femtoseconds, mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya ma terawatts ndi ma petawatts, ndipo kuwunika kwawo kowunikira kumaposa 1018 W / cm2. Super Ultra-short laser ndi gwero lake lopangidwa ndi ma radiation apamwamba kwambiri komanso gwero lamphamvu kwambiri la tinthu tating'onoting'ono tili ndi mitundu ingapo yogwiritsira ntchito pamagawo ambiri oyambira ofufuza monga fiziki yamphamvu kwambiri, particle physics, plasma physics, nuclear physics and astrophysics, and the output of science. Zotsatira za kafukufuku zitha kutumikira mafakitale apamwamba kwambiri, thanzi lachipatala, mphamvu zachilengedwe ndi chitetezo cha dziko. Chiyambireni kupangidwa kwaukadaulo wokulitsa kugunda kwamphamvu mu 1985, kutuluka kwa watt woyamba padziko lonse lapansi.lasermu 1996 komanso kumalizidwa kwa laser yoyamba ya 10-beat watt padziko lonse lapansi mu 2017, cholinga cha laser chapamwamba kwambiri m'mbuyomu chinali kukwaniritsa "kuwala kowala kwambiri". M'zaka zaposachedwa, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti posunga ma pulse apamwamba kwambiri a laser, ngati kuthamanga kwa pulse kwa laser ultra-short laser kumatha kuwongoleredwa, kumatha kubweretsa kuwirikiza kawiri ndi theka la khama pakugwiritsa ntchito thupi, zomwe zikuyembekezeka. kuti muchepetse kukula kwa super ultra-shortzida za laser, koma sinthani zotsatira zake pamayesero apamwamba a laser physics.

Kupotoza kwa kugunda kutsogolo kwa Ultra-strong ultrashort laser
Kuti mupeze mphamvu yapamwamba pansi pa mphamvu zochepa, kugunda kwapakati kumachepetsedwa kukhala 20 ~ 30 femtoseconds mwa kukulitsa bandwidth yopindula. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya 10-beak-watt ultrashort laser yapano ndi pafupifupi ma joules 300, ndipo kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kapu ya compressor grating kumapangitsa kuti chipikacho chikhale chachikulu kuposa 300 mm. The pulse mtengo ndi 20 ~ 30 femtosecond kugunda m'lifupi ndi 300 mm kabowo ndikosavuta kunyamula kupotoza kwa spatiotemporal, makamaka kupotoza kwa kugunda kutsogolo. Chithunzi 1 (a) chikuwonetsa kupatukana kwapakatikati kwa kutsogolo kwa pulse ndi kutsogolo kwa gawo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kubalalika kwa mtengo, ndipo choyambirira chikuwonetsa "kupendekeka kwapang'onopang'ono" kogwirizana ndi komaliza. Wina ndi "kupindika kwa nthawi ya mlengalenga" movutikira kwambiri chifukwa cha dongosolo la lens. CHITH. 1 (b) ikuwonetsa zotsatira za kugunda kwabwino kutsogolo, kutsogolo kwa pulse kutsogolo ndi kupindika kutsogolo kwa kupotoza kwa spatio-temporal kwa gawo lowunikira pa chandamale. Zotsatira zake, kulimba kwa kuwala koyang'ana kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mwamphamvu kumunda kwa super ultra-short laser.

CHITH. 1 (a) kupendekeka kwa kutsogolo kwa mphuno chifukwa cha prism ndi grating, ndi (b) zotsatira za kupotoza kwa kutsogolo kwa pulse pa malo ounikira nthawi ya danga pa chandamale.

Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa pulse kwamphamvu kwambiriultrashort laser
Pakadali pano, matabwa a Bessel opangidwa ndi mafunde apamwamba a ndege awonetsa kufunikira kwaukadaulo wapamwamba wa laser. Ngati mtengo wopindika wapamwamba kwambiri uli ndi gawo la kutsogolo kwa axisymmetric pulse, ndiye kuti mphamvu ya geometric pakati pa paketi ya X-ray yopangidwa ndi mafunde a X-ray monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2 ikhoza kukhala yapamwamba kwambiri, yosasunthika, yothamanga kwambiri, komanso yotsika pang'ono. Ngakhale kuphatikiza kwa galasi lopunduka ndi gawo la mtundu wa spatial light modulator limatha kutulutsa mawonekedwe amtundu waposachedwa wa pulse kutsogolo, kenako kutulutsa liwiro losasinthika. Zomwe zili pamwambapa komanso ukadaulo wake wosinthira zimatha kusintha "kusokoneza" kutsogolo kwa pulse kukhala "kuwongolera" kutsogolo kwa pulse, ndikuzindikira cholinga chosinthira liwiro la kufalikira kwa Ultra-strong Ultra-short laser.

CHITH. 2 The (a) yofulumira-kuposa kuwala, (b) kuwala kosalekeza, (c) kufulumizitsa-kuposa kuwala, ndi (d) kuwala kwapansi kochepa komwe kumapangidwa ndi superposition kuli pakati pa geometric dera la superposition.

Ngakhale kupezeka kwa kupotoza kwa pulse kutsogolo kunali koyambirira kuposa laser yaifupi kwambiri, yakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chitukuko cha laser yaifupi kwambiri. Kwa nthawi yayitali, sizothandiza kukwaniritsidwa kwa cholinga chachikulu cha laser ultra-short laser - ultra-high focusing light intensity, ndipo ochita kafukufuku akhala akugwira ntchito yopondereza kapena kuthetsa kupotoza kwa pulse kutsogolo. Masiku ano, pamene "kupotoza kwa pulse front" kwasanduka "pulse front control", yakwaniritsa kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa laser ultra-short laser, ndikupereka njira zatsopano ndi mwayi watsopano wogwiritsa ntchito laser yapamwamba kwambiri. high-field laser physics.